What do we learn about Rolf's past?

In the short story “And of Clay We Are Created” by Isabel Allende the reader experiences foreshadowing of Rolf Carlé’s past at the end of the first paragraph.

And every time we saw her on the screen, right behind her was Rolf Carlé,who had gone there on assignment, never suspecting that he would find a fragment of his past, lost thirty years before

Rolf grew up in Europe where he was exposed to the atrocities...

In the short story “And of Clay We Are Created” by Isabel Allende the reader experiences foreshadowing of Rolf Carlé’s past at the end of the first paragraph.

And every time we saw her on the screen, right behind her was Rolf Carlé,who had gone there on assignment, never suspecting that he would find a fragment of his past, lost thirty years before

Rolf grew up in Europe where he was exposed to the atrocities of war. He saw evidence of his mother being abused and was forced to bury the dead in concentration camps. Ultimately, his mother sent him away, abandoning his sister.

The parallel to Azencia’s plight occurred when he was a young child. His father was an abusive man who used his belt as punishment on the young Rolf, and who locked him in a dark armoire for hours for deeds he did not commit. Those hours spent in the darkness with his eyes closed and his ears covered, so that he could escape the sound of his heartbeat, were torture. In addition, he had a sister, Katharina, who was born with Down’s Syndrome. She was a disappointment to her father but Rolf sheltered and protected her to escape their father’s outrage. Only when Azucena, who was buried in clay, released her fear of death was he able come to terms with his darkest days. Her plight allowed him to release the pain of his youth.

When in the book The Outsiders is Ponyboy Curtis considered an outsider?

Pony is an outsider because he is a greaser, and he is also different from the other greasers.

An outsider is someone who does not fit in.  Ponyboy Curtis is twice an outsider.  First, all of the greasers are outsiders.  They are poor, and they wear their hair differently.  Because of this, they are looked down upon by mainstream society.  However, even among the greasers Pony is an outsider because he is different.

Pony is...

Pony is an outsider because he is a greaser, and he is also different from the other greasers.

An outsider is someone who does not fit in.  Ponyboy Curtis is twice an outsider.  First, all of the greasers are outsiders.  They are poor, and they wear their hair differently.  Because of this, they are looked down upon by mainstream society.  However, even among the greasers Pony is an outsider because he is different.

Pony is reflective and introspective, and very intelligent.  Unlike many greasers who have dropped out of school, Pony likes school and gets good grades.  He loves reading and going to the movies, both as intellectual pursuits.  Pony stands out among his friends because he is not quite like them.

And nobody in our gang digs movies and books the way I do. For a while there, I thought I was the only person in the world that did. So I loned it. (Ch. 1)

Pony abhors violence, and is in fact not very good at fighting.  He takes part in rumbles only rarely, such as when he wanted to fight the Socs over Johnny.  Pony prefers to have his nose in a book.

Unlike most of the other greasers, Pony has a future.  He has a chance to not be a greaser someday, through education and hard work.  It is also significant that he does not want to be like the others, but he identifies with them too.  They are still his friends, and where you come from matters.

Finally, Pony is able to see beyond class and gang conflicts.  He notices that Cherry is not like he expected a Soc to be.  He also has an honest conversation with Randy about violence and the clash between the gangs.  Pony is able to realize that Socs and greasers do have a lot in common.

How does trade spread ideas and culture?

Trade spreads ideas and culture because it involves people moving from place to place around the world as they trade.  As they move, they (and the people they meet) come into contact with new ideas and cultural practices.

When discussing this, we should specify that trade does not spread ideas and culture nearly as much as it did centuries ago.  Today, trade is a rather impersonal business.  The United States imports huge amounts of goods...

Trade spreads ideas and culture because it involves people moving from place to place around the world as they trade.  As they move, they (and the people they meet) come into contact with new ideas and cultural practices.

When discussing this, we should specify that trade does not spread ideas and culture nearly as much as it did centuries ago.  Today, trade is a rather impersonal business.  The United States imports huge amounts of goods from China without being exposed to Chinese culture and ideas because trade is not really done by people anymore.  Ships are loaded in China by Chinese people.  They arrive in the US, where they are unloaded by Americans.  You do not have Americans going to China to buy the products or large groups of Chinese coming to the US to sell them.

Centuries ago, things were different.  For example, goods would be brought across the Middle East by camel caravans.  This meant that relatively large numbers of people would travel along with the goods.  They went slowly, stopping often.  When they stopped, they would interact with local people.  There would be exchanges of ideas.  People would see things like how other cultures cooked, what clothes they wore, and what religious ideas they believed in.  In those times, trade was a much more personal business that involved many people travelling.  As they traveled, they exposed the people they met to their own culture.  At the same time, they were exposed to the cultures of the places through which they traveled.  In these ways, trade spread ideas and culture, making it an important force in world history.

What are some traits of the major and minor characters in A Midsummer Night's Dream?

Okay, character traits:

Theseus - Noble, formal of speech, passionate under his noble exterior, an intellectual, and basically kind

Hippolyta - Also noble, however a virtual captive of Theseus from a war between them that he won. She and Theseus are the human versions of Oberon and Titania. Their human-ness makes them more restrained than the Fairy pair in their actions and speech. Also they are post-war, where as the Fairy King and Queen are...

Okay, character traits:

Theseus - Noble, formal of speech, passionate under his noble exterior, an intellectual, and basically kind

Hippolyta - Also noble, however a virtual captive of Theseus from a war between them that he won. She and Theseus are the human versions of Oberon and Titania. Their human-ness makes them more restrained than the Fairy pair in their actions and speech. Also they are post-war, where as the Fairy King and Queen are AT war in the beginning of the play.

Egeus - A stubborn, man, insistent upon tradition, which allows for no freedom for daughters and the absolute rule of fathers.

Hermia - Rebellious daughter and mad with passion for Lysander

Lysander - Rebellious youth and mad with passion for Hermia

Demetrius - Willful youth and fickle, having once professed to love Helena, but now is mad with love for Hermia

Helena - Mad with love for Demetrius

The four lovers above are virtually interchangeable, expressing Shakespeare's intention to show the kind of mindless passion that is one aspect of Love.

Oberon - The Male Archetype, regal, powerful, passionate, and willful.

Titania - The Female Archetype, also regal, powerful, passionate, and willful.

Puck - The spirit of mischief and play

The Workmen, or Mechanicals, as they are called - These are the representatives of the common people, or that aspect of humanity that is in us all. They are uncomplicated and literal,

Bottom - A Mechanical, yet different from the others. He has true poetic enthusiasm, and a poetic heart. He is the ONLY human who is able to comprehend both the Fairy world and the human one. He is an example of The Holy Innocent.

Why doesn't Bruno like Lt. Kotler?

Lt. Kotler is the stereotypical Nazi officer from concentration camps: He is brutal, sadistic, and opportunistic.

From the first time that he has encountered Lt. Kotler coming out of his father's office, Bruno feels a certain discomfiture in his presence. In Chapter 7 when Bruno wishes to make a swing, he asks Kotler who is talking with his sister Gretel if there are any old tires that he can use to make a swing. Kotler...

Lt. Kotler is the stereotypical Nazi officer from concentration camps: He is brutal, sadistic, and opportunistic.

From the first time that he has encountered Lt. Kotler coming out of his father's office, Bruno feels a certain discomfiture in his presence. In Chapter 7 when Bruno wishes to make a swing, he asks Kotler who is talking with his sister Gretel if there are any old tires that he can use to make a swing. Kotler calls to the prisoner Pavel, who works in the kitchen in a biting voice, using a pejorative term for Jews as he does. He orders Pavel, using a very pejorative term, to take Bruno to a storage shed where there are some tires. 

Further in the narrative, Lt. Kotler is invited for dinner and when Pavel tries to pour wine for him, his hands shake so badly that he spills some of this wine on Kotler; Bruno witnesses the enraged young lieutenant react violently to Pavel. Then, in Chapter 15, in preparation for a birthday party for his mother, Shmuel is brought to the house to clean and dry some very small glasses because Pavel's hand is too large. When Bruno sees him there, he is happily surprised. As he talks to Shmuel, Bruno eyes some chicken in the refrigerator; he takes some offers three pieces to his friend, who is at first afraid to eat it because of Lt. Kotler, but his hunger persuades him to gobble some down, anyway. Unfortunately, Kotler enters the kitchen and accuses Shmuel of eating. Shmuel tells Kotler that Bruno is his friend and he offered the chicken to him; however, out of fear Bruno denies knowing Shmuel or having given him any chicken. After this incident, Shmuel is missing when Bruno tries to apologize by going to the fence where they meet; several days later, though, Shmuel appears with terrible bruises on his face. Bruno suspects that the brutal Kotler has inflicted punishment upon poor Shmuel.

Also in Chapter 15, Bruno has several specific reasons why he detests Kotler:

1. Lt. Kotler never smiles; instead, he appears as though he figuratively "was trying to find someone to cut out of his will."


2. Whenever he addresses Bruno, he calls him "little man," and Bruno resents this because he is uncomfortable about not having yet had his growth spurt.


3. Lt. Kotler seems to always be in the living room joking with his mother who "laughs at his jokes more than she laughs at Father's."


4. Whenever his father is called to Berlin and is gone overnight, Kotler is at the house, acting as though he is in charge. There is obviously something going on between Bruno's mother and him because Kotler is at the house even when Bruno goes to bed at night and "in the early morning before he wakes up." Then, one day Bruno hears his mother call Kotler "precious" as she tells him she has some free time then, but she stops short of saying more when she sees Bruno. While Bruno does not comprehend the sexual implications, he resents his mother's affection for Kotler.


5. When Bruno has Treasure Island under his arm one day, Lt. Kotler asks where he has procured this book, but he does not pursue this topic when told that Bruno's father has given it to him. However, the cruel officer takes the book and holds it above Bruno so that the boy cannot retrieve it. Nevertheless, Bruno is quick enough to grab his novel when he can reach it.


6. Bruno resents Kotler's supercilious tone of speech to him.


7. Bruno does not like Kotler's talking and joking with his sister Gretel.

Did Officer Wells do the right thing?

In O. Henry's short story "After Twenty Years," Jimmy Wells is a police officer who makes a difficult but correct decision. Twenty years previous to the action of the story, Wells and a friend agreed to meet each other at a certain spot twenty years later. Wells meets the man, but since they meet outside, at night, in the dark, neither man can see the other clearly; however, when the waiting man strikes a match,...

In O. Henry's short story "After Twenty Years," Jimmy Wells is a police officer who makes a difficult but correct decision. Twenty years previous to the action of the story, Wells and a friend agreed to meet each other at a certain spot twenty years later. Wells meets the man, but since they meet outside, at night, in the dark, neither man can see the other clearly; however, when the waiting man strikes a match, Wells can see that his face is the face of a notorious criminal he has seen on wanted posters. Wells doesn't reveal his own identity but sends a plain-clothes police officer to first pretend to be himself, then arrest the waiting man, and then give him a note. In the note Officer Wells reveals he was there at the appointed time but could not bring himself to arrest the childhood friend himself. Officer Wells' decision was correct. He kept the pact he made with his friend. If he had started reminiscing about their old friendship with the criminal, Wells may have been tempted to allow the man to escape--for old time's sake. To avoid temptation, he asks another man from the police department to go and pretend to be Wells to make the arrest of the criminal easier. This was the most questionable action Wells took, yet it is consistent with undercover work that police detectives engage in frequently, and most people don't consider such actions to be lying--they are more like acting. To make sure his childhood friend knew that he had kept the pact, Wells sends a note via the arresting officer honestly explaining that he was there but that he couldn't bring himself to arrest the man himself. This showed integrity on Wells' part; his friend would not be able to accuse him of standing him up, and he might even appreciate the fact that, because of their past relationship, Wells hadn't wanted to personally arrest him. Wells enforced the law, acted with integrity, protected himself from temptation, and considered the feelings of his friend in the process. So, yes, he did the right thing. 

In The Outsiders were Bob Sheldon's parents rich?

Bob Sheldon was a Soc, so his parents were rich.

All of the Socs are very wealthy. Pony describes them as “filthy rich.”  Robert Sheldon’s family was no exception.  His family was influential, and he was influential.  Despite his bad behavior, Bob Sheldon still managed to be a leader amongst the Socs.

Randy explains to Ponyboy that Bob was out of control because his parents indulged him.

They spoiled him rotten. I mean, most parents...

Bob Sheldon was a Soc, so his parents were rich.

All of the Socs are very wealthy. Pony describes them as “filthy rich.”  Robert Sheldon’s family was no exception.  His family was influential, and he was influential.  Despite his bad behavior, Bob Sheldon still managed to be a leader amongst the Socs.

Randy explains to Ponyboy that Bob was out of control because his parents indulged him.

They spoiled him rotten. I mean, most parents would be proud of a kid like that--- good-lookin' and smart and everything, but they gave in to him all the time. He kept trying to make someone say 'No' and they never did. They never did. (Ch. 7)

Bob clearly had many friends.  Cherry told Ponyboy that although she hated it when Bob drank, she still kind of loved him.  He had the type of personality that others were drawn to.

I know I'm too young to be in love and all that, but Bob was something special. He wasn't just any boy.  He had something that made people follow him, something that marked him different, maybe a little better, than the crowd. (Ch. 8)

Although the Socs seem to like Bob, even though they feel that his parents have let him down, the greasers have a very different opinion of him.  He beat up Johnny with his friends, and he targets Johnny and Pony again in the park.  Bob almost drowned Pony in the fountain, and it was only Johnny’s intervention that saved him.

Bob seems like the typical Soc.  He is rich and out of control.  He thinks he can do whatever he wants, and no one stops him.  For him, targeting greasers is a sport.  He makes fun of them and beats them up for no reason.  He even wears rings on his hands so that he can really hurt them.  When Johnny kills him to save Pony, it ruins all three of their lives.

What are specific places of worship for Islam?

The most holy place of worship for Muslims is the city  of Mecca. The mosque which houses the Kabba (a large black, stone cube) is the most sacred site in the world for Muslims. The Kabba is said to have been (re)built by Abraham as the very first mosque or house of worship. The Kabba and the city of Mecca are so important that when Muslim people perform their daily prayers, they do so facing...

The most holy place of worship for Muslims is the city  of Mecca. The mosque which houses the Kabba (a large black, stone cube) is the most sacred site in the world for Muslims. The Kabba is said to have been (re)built by Abraham as the very first mosque or house of worship. The Kabba and the city of Mecca are so important that when Muslim people perform their daily prayers, they do so facing the direction of this most holy place. At least once in a lifetime, Muslim people are required to make the hajj or pilgrimage to visit the Kabba.

On a more local level, Muslim people perform worship in a temple called the mosque or masjid. Most Muslims visit their local mosque at least once a week, and some visit for prayer multiple times a day. Worship in the mosque is in addition to prayer by oneself, and becomes especially important during holidays like Ramadan. The mosque itself is not just a religious building, it is also considered a community building. It is a place where the community can get to know and support each other. 

When a Muslim person prays, it is typically done on a special rug to ensure that the space for prayer is clean. The use of this rug for prayer temporarily demarcates a sacred space for worship.

Are there any quotes in the play Othello where Iago assures our main protagonist that he is on his side?

There are a number of examples throughout the play in which Iago indicates his support for Othello. He is practicing the art of 'keep your friends close, but keep your enemies closer,' in order to further deceive and manipulate Othello, whom he despises. This is a strategy to further win Othello's trust.

The first example is when he speaks to Othello soon after he and Roderigo had demonized Othello by informing Brabantio in the most slanderously disgusting terms that Othello had abducted his daughter. Iago had then made his way to Othello so that he may think that Iago is there to support him. Iago tells Othello about Brabantio:

Though in the trade of war I have slain men,
Yet do I hold it very stuff o' the conscience
To do no contrived murder: I lack iniquity
Sometimes to do me service: nine or ten times
I had thought to have yerk'd him here under the ribs.

He lies about the fact that Brabantio had so insulted Othello that he felt like killing him, but that he lacks the wickedness to commit such a foul deed. He instead felt like kicking Brabantio under the ribs for defiling Othello's name. He furthermore tells Othello that he had difficulty in restraining himself and wishes to know whether Othello's marriage to Ophelia is secure since Brabantio will make all attempts to have the marriage annulled or use his influence to have Othello punished in some or other way. This is a clear strategy by Iago to win over Othello in proving that he is supportive of him in this matter.

The infernal Iago preys on Othello's sentiments and after creating suspicion in Othello's mind that Cassio and Desdemona might be involved in an illicit liaison, he tells the gullible general:

... now I shall have reason
To show the love and duty that I bear you
With franker spirit: therefore, as I am bound,
Receive it from me. I speak not yet of proof.
Look to your wife; observe her well with Cassio; ...

He actually warns Othello against jealousy when his purpose is actually to ignite this emotion in him. In the extract he tells Othello that he is acting out of love and duty, when he is actually being utterly deceitful. Once again, he seems to be showing his support for Othello in telling him certain truths, which are, in fact, pernicious lies. Iago has, at this point, won Othello's trust completely, judging by the general's monologue in which he refers to Iago in the following terms:

This fellow's of exceeding honesty,
And knows all qualities, with a learned spirit,
Of human dealings.

Later in the play, after Iago once again lies to Othello about Cassio having shared a bed with him. Cassio had, in his sleep, so he claims, passionately kissed him (supposedly believing that he was kissing Desdemona) and mentioned Desdemona's name, cursing the fact that she was married to Othello, Othello is convinced about their adultery. He kneels to make a solemn pledge to take vengeance. Iago uses this opportunity to display his loyalty to Othello. 

Kneels

In the due reverence of a sacred vow
I here engage my words.

IAGO

Do not rise yet.

Kneels

Witness, you ever-burning lights above,
You elements that clip us round about,
Witness that here Iago doth give up
The execution of his wit, hands, heart,
To wrong'd Othello's service! Let him command,
And to obey shall be in me remorse,
What bloody business ever.

He vows to dedicate everything he has to serve Othello who has been wronged. Othello only needs to command and he will perform whatever bloody deed he needs to execute.

What explanation does Miss Maudie give Scout concerning Boo Radley and why he stays in the house?

Miss Maudie helps to ground the children's unrealistic fantasies regarding Boo Radley in Chapter 5. After Scout asks Miss Maudie if she thinks Boo Radley is still alive, Maudie first answers by correcting Scout that his name is Arthur and that of course he's alive because he hasn't been "carried out" yet (Lee 48).

Maudie then talks with Scout about the real reasons that Boo stays inside. She starts with, "Arthur Radley just stays in...

Miss Maudie helps to ground the children's unrealistic fantasies regarding Boo Radley in Chapter 5. After Scout asks Miss Maudie if she thinks Boo Radley is still alive, Maudie first answers by correcting Scout that his name is Arthur and that of course he's alive because he hasn't been "carried out" yet (Lee 48).

Maudie then talks with Scout about the real reasons that Boo stays inside. She starts with, "Arthur Radley just stays in the house, that's all... Wouldn't you stay in the house if you didn't want to come out?" (Lee 49). She later explains that Mr. Radley was a "foot-washing Baptist" and that "the Bible in the hand of one man is worse that a whiskey bottle in the hand of [a good man like Atticus]" (Lee 49-50). Maudie suggests that the Radley family's strict definition of sin and their wish to limit Arthur from coming into contact with temptation might factor into why he is shut away.

Finally, Maudie ends on a note of uncertainty. She says, "I remember Arthur Radley when he was a boy. He always spoke nicely to me, no matter what folks said he did... The things that happen to people we never really know. What happens behind closed doors, what secrets--" (Lee 51). As Maudie and Scout shift their conversation back to Atticus, Maudie has shown Scout why the rumors about Boo Radley have grown and persisted. Since people don't know the full story about Arthur, they've made it up. But, the reason Boo stays inside, according to Maudie, likely has to do with his strictly religious parents and his family's private habits about which we can't fully know.

Who is Doodle in "The Scarlet Ibis"?

Doodle is one of the main characters in James Hurst's short story "The Scarlet Ibis" about two brothers growing up in the early part of the 20th century on the coast of North Carolina. Doodle is the second son of a farming family that grows cotton. He is born with several physical problems and at first he is a great disappointment to his brother who yearns for a playmate who can run, swim and box...

Doodle is one of the main characters in James Hurst's short story "The Scarlet Ibis" about two brothers growing up in the early part of the 20th century on the coast of North Carolina. Doodle is the second son of a farming family that grows cotton. He is born with several physical problems and at first he is a great disappointment to his brother who yearns for a playmate who can run, swim and box with him. Doodle is described:

He was born when I was six and was, from the outset, a disappointment. He seemed all head, with a tiny body which was red and shriveled like an old man's. Everybody thought he was going to die...

Because of the way he crawls Doodle, whose real name is William Armstrong, is named after a bug:

It was I who renamed him. When he crawled, he crawled backwards, as if he were in reverse and couldn't change gears. If you called him, he'd turn around as if he were going in the other direction, then he'd back right up to you to be picked up. Crawling backward made him look like a doodlebug, so I began to call him Doodle, and in time even Mama and Daddy thought it was a better name than William Armstrong. 

Eventually Doodle and his brother become inseparable companions, spending hours exploring the marshlands around their home. Doodle's brother is the narrator and he tells the story from many years after the events took place. Because he is embarrassed by having a crippled brother, the narrator sets out to improve Doodle physically. He is successful in teaching him to walk, but fails in attempts to make him as vigorous as other young boys his age. Eventually Doodle dies from internal bleeding after being pushed too hard by his brother, who is frustrated by Doodle's lack of progress.

Doodle is a sensitive, imaginative and determined young boy. When the narrator brings Doodle to Old Woman Swamp the boy shows his appreciation for the beauty of nature:

His eyes were round with wonder as he gazed about him, and his little hands began to stroke the rubber grass. Then he began to cry. “For heaven’s sake, what’s the matter?” I asked, annoyed. “It’s so pretty,” he said. “So pretty, pretty, pretty.”

Doodle also has a vivid imagination. While spending time in nature the two boys share their thoughts, and like all young boys they create fantasy stories with strange characters and settings:

People in his stories all had wings and flew wherever they wanted to go. His favorite lie was about a boy named Peter who had a pet peacock with a ten-foot tail. Peter wore a golden robe that glittered so brightly that when he walked through the sunflowers they turned away from the sun to face him. When Peter was ready to go to sleep, the peacock spread his magnificent tail, enfolding the boy gently like a closing go-to-sleep flower, burying him in the glorious iridescent, rustling vortex.

Doodle exhibits his determination when the scarlet ibis lands in the "bleeding tree." He is the first to see the bird and he witnesses its death:

At that moment the bird began to flutter, but the wings were uncoordinated, and amid much flapping and a spray of flying feathers, it tumbled down, bumping through the limbs of the bleeding tree and landing at our feet with a thud. 

Doodle recognizes the exotic beauty of the bird and insists on burying the ibis, even though the shovel he uses is bigger than he is. The bird, of course, is a symbol for Doodle. It is a rare bird, not unlike the peacock in his story, far from its home and rendered fragile by its long journey. It has been thrown off course by the tumultuous weather, which is a peripheral element of the story and represents the turbulent relationship between the two brothers. Doodle is also "special" and fragile. The description of Doodle's death mirrors the death of the bird in the story's final lines:

He lay very awkwardly, with his head thrown far back, making his vermilion neck appear unusually long and slim. His little legs, bent sharply at the knees, had never before seemed so fragile, so thin. 

Where did the signalman say he had seen the narrator before?

At the beginning of the story, the signalman is certain that he has seen the narrator before:

"I was doubtful," he returned, "whether I had seen you before."

"There?" I said.

Intently watchful of me, he replied (but without sound), "Yes."

When asked, the signalman says that he has seen the narrator at the red light, just a short distance from his signal box. The narrator denies having ever been at the red light, but...

At the beginning of the story, the signalman is certain that he has seen the narrator before:

"I was doubtful," he returned, "whether I had seen you before."

"There?" I said.

Intently watchful of me, he replied (but without sound), "Yes."

When asked, the signalman says that he has seen the narrator at the red light, just a short distance from his signal box. The narrator denies having ever been at the red light, but the signalman does not seem convinced, and he has a good reason for such a feeling. As the narrator later learns, the signalman has been haunted by the specter of a man at the red light. In addition, the signalman heard this mysterious figure say the exact same words as the narrator:

Halloa! Below there!

While the signalman wants to believe that he saw the narrator at the red light, he is, in fact, very much mistaken. This mysterious figure is a ghost who, in a tragic turn of events, is warning the signalman of his own demise. Both the signalman and the narrator, however, will learn this lesson too late.

What would be a plot diagram for the novel Night by Elie Wiesel?

Since Night by Elie Wiesel is really more of a non-fiction memoir than a novel, it does not follow the normal fiction plot structure. However, it is written much like a novel, so if I were to fit it into that plot structure this is how I would probably do it:

The exposition is contained in the very beginning of the book. We are introduced to the characters. We meet Elie and his family which consists of his parents and three sisters, we meet Moshe the Beadle and a few of the other people of Elie's hometown, Sighet, during WWII (setting). During the exposition we learn that Elie is interested in studying Cabbala (Jewish mysticism) and finds a teacher in Moshe.

The conflict is made evident pretty quickly. WWII has been raging for a few years now, and the townspeople of Sighet hope it will be over before it reaches them. However, soon the foreigners in the town are taken by the Nazis, and Moshe is among them. He is able to escape and makes it back to Sighet only to have the people there think he is crazy. They refuse to believe his account of what is happening to the Jews.

Next, the rising action occurs when Nazis come into town. They move the Jews into areas called ghettos, where the people soon find out that the next step will be deportation. They are forced onto cattle trains and ride for three days with little food and water all the while listening to Madame Schacter scream about fire.

The climax is really a series of events from the time the Jews arrive at Birkenau, Elie and his father go from there to Auschwitz to Buna, and Elie tells of the horrors they encounter.

The falling action probably begins about the time Elie has to have surgery on his foot. Soon after that, Buna is liquidated, and Elie along with his father and the other prisoners begin a death march toward Gleiwitz. On this horrific journey, Elie and his father help one another keep going. Eventually, they reach yet another concentration camp--Buchenwald.

Finally, the resolution happens. Elie is guilt-ridden when his father dies, even though he knows there is nothing he could have done to save him. The camp is finally liberated in April of 1945, and this horrible journey is over for Elie Wiesel.

Why do we still have the Electoral College? Why not not use the popular vote in each state? Voting machines and computers, are they vulnerable...

There has been some discussion about why we still have the Electoral College formally choose the President and the Vice President. The Electoral College was originally created because the Founding Fathers didn’t trust the common man to make good decisions. The Electoral College was established in the Constitution as a safeguard against the common people making poor choices for their leaders.

Today, the Electoral College exists mainly because of tradition. It has been a part of...

There has been some discussion about why we still have the Electoral College formally choose the President and the Vice President. The Electoral College was originally created because the Founding Fathers didn’t trust the common man to make good decisions. The Electoral College was established in the Constitution as a safeguard against the common people making poor choices for their leaders.

Today, the Electoral College exists mainly because of tradition. It has been a part of our system from the beginning of the Constitution. As a result, efforts to consider changing it meet with opposition from traditionalists. It also would require a constitutional amendment that isn’t easy to achieve. While there is little fear today that people will make poor choices when electing their leaders, and, therefore, letting the popular vote decide the results of presidential elections may sound like a good idea, it would total change the whole primary system and go against the historical precedent used in the country since the Constitution became our plan of government. Further, there have been very few elections where the popular vote winner didn’t win the vote in the Electoral College. As a result, there hasn’t been much movement to change the system we use to choose our President and Vice President.

`int_4^9 ln(y)/sqrt(y) dy` Evaluate the integral

`int_4^9 lny/sqrty dy`

To evaluate, apply integration by parts `intudv=uv-intvdu` .

So let:

`u = ln y `    

and    

`dv=int1/sqrty dy`

Then, differentiate u and integrate dv.

`du=1/y dy`

and

`v=int 1/sqrty dy = int y^(-1/2)=2y^(1/2)`

Plug-in them to the formula. So the integral becomes:

`int lny/(sqrty)dy`

`= lny*2y^(1/2) - 2y^(1/2)*1/ydy`

`=2y^(1/2)lny - 2int y^(-1/2) dy`

`=2y^(1/2)lny-2*2y^(1/2)`

`=2sqrtylny - 4sqrty`

And, substitute the limits of the integral.

`int _4^9 lny/ydy`

`=...

`int_4^9 lny/sqrty dy`

To evaluate, apply integration by parts `intudv=uv-intvdu` .

So let:

`u = ln y `    

and    

`dv=int1/sqrty dy`

Then, differentiate u and integrate dv.

`du=1/y dy`

and

`v=int 1/sqrty dy = int y^(-1/2)=2y^(1/2)`

Plug-in them to the formula. So the integral becomes:

`int lny/(sqrty)dy`

`= lny*2y^(1/2) - 2y^(1/2)*1/ydy`

`=2y^(1/2)lny - 2int y^(-1/2) dy`

`=2y^(1/2)lny-2*2y^(1/2)`

`=2sqrtylny - 4sqrty`

And, substitute the limits of the integral.

`int _4^9 lny/ydy`

`= (2sqrtylny - 4sqrty)|_4^9`

`=(2sqrt9 ln9 - 4sqrt9)-(2sqrt4ln4-4sqrt4)`

`=(2*3ln9 - 4*3)-(2*2ln4-4*2)`

`=(6ln9-12)-(4ln4-8)`

`=6ln9-4ln4-4`

`=ln(9^6)-ln(4^4)-4`

`=ln (9^6/4^4)-4`

`=ln(((3^2)^6)/(4^4))-4`

`=ln (((3^3)^4)/(4^4))-4`

`=ln((3^3/4)^4)-4`

`=4ln(27/4)-4`

Therefore, `int_4^9 lny/sqrtydy = 4ln (27/4)-4` .

What are some things that prove that Harper Lee believed that the human nature is often good?

There are several ways that Harper Lee shows that she has a strong belief in the goodness of people.  Making Atticus such an honorable, courageous character really exemplifies her eagerness to show how one can give respect to all people through their actions.  She also shows the goodness in people through some minor characters.  Heck Tate, the sheriff, decides not to charge Boo Radley for the murder of Bob Ewell because he feels that the...

There are several ways that Harper Lee shows that she has a strong belief in the goodness of people.  Making Atticus such an honorable, courageous character really exemplifies her eagerness to show how one can give respect to all people through their actions.  She also shows the goodness in people through some minor characters.  Heck Tate, the sheriff, decides not to charge Boo Radley for the murder of Bob Ewell because he feels that the murder is, in a sense, poetic justice for what happened to Tom Robinson.  He also realizes that it would be extremely traumatic for Boo Radley to be arrested and put on trial for defending Scout and Jem. 

Mr. Underwood, the owner of the town newspaper, also shows his compassion for Tom Robinson when he writes an editorial condemning what happened to Tom.  In the article, he says that it is a sin to kill a “cripple” like Tom.  We see his goodness through the way he stands up for Tom despite the possible backlash it could cost him. 

We also see the goodness of people when Scout and Jem are welcomed into Calpurnia’s all black church.  Even though blacks are prevented from attending white churches, the black congregation open their hearts to the children and accept their presence at the service. 

Another character who shows his innate goodness is Tom Robinson who decides to help Mayella Ewell because he feels sorry for her even though it is dangerous for him to do so. 

And, of course, there is Boo who shows his goodness through his love for Scout and Jem.

Why did Shirley Jackson choose a lottery as her subject matter?

Are you asking why Shirley Jackson chose to portray the traditions that she does in "The Lottery"? If so, know that Jackson herself gave different answers at different times as to its inspiration.

According to Jackson biographer Ruth Franklin, Jackson cited anti-Semitism as one reason, but at another time she claimed real people were the characters' inspiration. Franklin believes that the most likely reason is a more general one offered by Jackson's correspondence with a...

Are you asking why Shirley Jackson chose to portray the traditions that she does in "The Lottery"? If so, know that Jackson herself gave different answers at different times as to its inspiration.

According to Jackson biographer Ruth Franklin, Jackson cited anti-Semitism as one reason, but at another time she claimed real people were the characters' inspiration. Franklin believes that the most likely reason is a more general one offered by Jackson's correspondence with a literary critic:

“I suppose I hoped, by setting a particularly brutal ancient rite in the present and in my own village, to shock the story’s readers with a graphic dramatization of the pointless violence and general inhumanity in their own lives."

In the end, it's typically impossible to pinpoint the sole inspiration that motivates an author to portray a certain situation in a certain way -- after all, even when a writer *knows* what's inspiring them, there may be countless other things influencing their authorial choices on a subconscious level. Though Jackson's intent cannot be defined absolutely, "The Lottery" is a story that allows myriad interpretations and garners diverse reader reactions. 

`int (x^2 + 2x) cos(x) dx` Evaluate the integral

`int (x^2+2x)cosx dx`

To evaluate, apply integration by parts `int udv = uv - int vdu` .

So let

`u = x^2+2x`

and

`dv = cosx dx`

Then, differentiate u and integrate dv.

`du = (2x + 2)dx`

and

`v = int cosx dx = sinx`

Plug-in them to the formula of integration by parts. So the integral becomes:

`int (x^2+2x)cosx dx`

`= (x^2+2x)sinx - int sinx * (2x + 2)dx`

`= (x^2 + 2x)sinx...

`int (x^2+2x)cosx dx`

To evaluate, apply integration by parts `int udv = uv - int vdu` .

So let

`u = x^2+2x`

and

`dv = cosx dx`

Then, differentiate u and integrate dv.

`du = (2x + 2)dx`

and

`v = int cosx dx = sinx`

Plug-in them to the formula of integration by parts. So the integral becomes:

`int (x^2+2x)cosx dx`

`= (x^2+2x)sinx - int sinx * (2x + 2)dx`

`= (x^2 + 2x)sinx - int (2x + 2)sinx dx`

To take the integral of (2x + 2sinx)dx, apply integration by parts again.

So let

`u_2 = 2x + 2`

and

`dv_2 = sinx dx`

Differentiate u_2 and integrate dv_2.

`du_2 = 2dx`

and

`v_2 = -cosx`

So the integral becomes:

`= (x^2+2x)sinx - [ (2x + 2)*(-cosx) - int -cosx * 2dx]`

`=(x^2+2x)sinx - [-(2x + 2)cosx + 2int cosx dx]`

`=(x^2+2x)sinx - [-(2x + 2)cosx + 2sinx]`

`= (x^2+2x)sinx +(2x +2)cosx -2sinx `

`= (x^2+2x - 2)sinx + (2x + 2)cosx`

Since the given is indefinite integral, add C.

`= (x^2+2x - 2)sinx + (2x + 2)cosx + C`

Therefore, `int (x^2+2x)cosx dx = (x^2+2x-2)sinx= (x^2+2x - 2)sinx + (2x + 2)cosx + C` .

How does increased temperature affect rate of dissolving?

An increase in temperature increases the rate of dissolution of a solute in a solvent. We can notice this at home by doing simple experimentation. Try dissolving some sugar in a glass of cold water, for example 1 teaspoonful. Then try to dissolve the same amount of sugar in a glass of hot water. One can easily see that it is much easier and much faster to dissolve sugar in hot water. 

When heat is...

An increase in temperature increases the rate of dissolution of a solute in a solvent. We can notice this at home by doing simple experimentation. Try dissolving some sugar in a glass of cold water, for example 1 teaspoonful. Then try to dissolve the same amount of sugar in a glass of hot water. One can easily see that it is much easier and much faster to dissolve sugar in hot water. 

When heat is added to a substance, the molecules of the substance gain kinetic energy and start moving much faster. Due to the speed of these molecules, the chances of interaction between solute and solvent molecules increases. This causes an increase in the rate of dissolution and we see that solute dissolves much faster in solvents with higher temperature.

Hope this helps.

Which incident in Act 3 provoked the strongest emotional response in you? Why?

Certainly, for me, the moment that provokes the strongest emotional response in Act Three is when Mary Warren turns on John Proctor, once again taking sides with Abigail and the rest of the girls, and accusing him of being in league with the Devil.

The reason it affects me so deeply is that Mary Warren knows, absolutely, that the girls are lying, and thus committing murder; and, ultimately, she makes the same choice.  She has...

Certainly, for me, the moment that provokes the strongest emotional response in Act Three is when Mary Warren turns on John Proctor, once again taking sides with Abigail and the rest of the girls, and accusing him of being in league with the Devil.

The reason it affects me so deeply is that Mary Warren knows, absolutely, that the girls are lying, and thus committing murder; and, ultimately, she makes the same choice.  She has been brought to the court, by Proctor, for the sole purpose of exposing the girls' lies.  Yet, when she feels herself to be in danger, when the girls are starting to accuse her of sending out her spirit to attack them, she turns on the truth and her employer, knowing full-well that her testimony against him will likely lead to his conviction and death.  It is a truly horrific moment.  Before she runs into Abigail's arms, she says -- lying, and knowing that she is lying -- that 

"[Proctor] wake me every night, his eyes were like coals and his fingers claw my neck, and I sign, I sign . . . [....].  No, I love God; I go your way no more.  I love God, I bless God."

She fabricates a story of how Proctor forced her to sign the Devil's book, in order to explain why she accused the other girls of lying.  She says, in other words, that the Devil forced her to lie then, and now she tells the truth.  In reality, it seems more likely that the Devil coerces her to lie now because it is the easier thing to do.  To see her lie, so callously, taking another's life into her own hands because she fears losing her own, is abominable in every moral sense.  

Calculate the amount of heat (in kJ) required to raise the temperature of 186 grams of water from 29◦C to 69◦C. (The specific heat of water is...

Specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance one degree celsius. The equation for calculating the amount of heat required for a given temperature change in a given mass of substance is:

q = mc `Delta` T  where:

q = heat 

m = mass = 186g

c = specific heat = 4.186 Joules/gram-ºC

 `Delta` T = change in temperaturge = 69ºC-29ºC = 4ºC

q =...

Specific heat is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance one degree celsius. The equation for calculating the amount of heat required for a given temperature change in a given mass of substance is:

q = mc `Delta` T  where:

q = heat 

m = mass = 186g

c = specific heat = 4.186 Joules/gram-ºC

 `Delta` T = change in temperaturge = 69ºC-29ºC = 4ºC

q = (186 g)(4.186 J/g-ºC)(40ºC) = 31,099 J = 31,000 J rounded to 2 significant digits.

To change this value to kilojoules, multiply by the conversion factor 1kJ/1000 J:

(31,000 J)(1 kJ/1000 J) = 31 kJ

Another method of calculating the answer is kJ is to change the specific heat of water to kJ/g-ºC:

(4.186 J/g-ºC)(1 kJ/1000 J) = .004186 kJ/g-ºC

Describe the character Mr. Mead in "The Pedestrian."

Mr. Leonard Mead is a lone pedestrian, a man who walks the streets in the year 2053, a time when walking outside on the sidewalks is considered an unusual activity. 

As he walks along on a November evening, "sending patterns of frosty air before him like the smoke of a cigar," Mr. Mead walks in sneakers so that he does not alert dogs who bark and sometimes follow him. Mr. Mead sees only dim lights...

Mr. Leonard Mead is a lone pedestrian, a man who walks the streets in the year 2053, a time when walking outside on the sidewalks is considered an unusual activity. 

As he walks along on a November evening, "sending patterns of frosty air before him like the smoke of a cigar," Mr. Mead walks in sneakers so that he does not alert dogs who bark and sometimes follow him. Mr. Mead sees only dim lights when he passes houses, houses on whose grey walls shadows dance from those dim lights of television sets that family members huddle around.

"Hello, in there," he whispered to every house on every side as he moved. "What's up tonight on Channel 4, Channel 7, Channel 9? Where are the cowboys rushing, and do I see the United States Cavalry over the next hill to the rescue?"

When he thinks that he hears laughter, Mr. Mead pauses and listens, hungry for the sound of human voices. But after realizing they come from indoors, he continues his walk as he has on so many other lonely nights on the desolate sidewalks. It is as if he walks in a graveyard.

During the day, Mr. Mead has nowhere to go because he no longer has a job as a writer. Now there is no need for writers because people do not read anymore; instead, they merely sit inside their houses, their "tombs" as he calls them, watching television like "the dead."

As Mr. Mead begins his return home to an empty house, he is surprised by a lone car that suddenly flashes a white light.

A metallic voice called to him: "Stand still. Stay where you are! Don't move!" He halted. "Put up your hands!" "But—" he said. "Your hands up! Or we'll shoot!"

Amazed that the one police car in a city of three million people has discovered him, Mr. Mead is asked his name and profession. When he replies that he is a writer, the automated voice says, "No profession." Then the voice asks him if he has a viewing screen in his house, and Mr. Mead replies "No." After he explains that he is not married and he walks every evening, Mr. Mead hears the door of the police car open and he is told to get inside. The car drives down his street and Mr. Mead sees his house, illuminated in the night by the lights in all the rooms. But the car does not stop; Mr. Mead is being taken to the "Psychiatric Center for Research on Regressive Tendencies.”

Discuss the following claim : the moral philosophy of the Epicureans added little, if anything, to that of Aristotle.

Aristotle, like most of the ancient Greeks, was concerned with defining happiness (eudaimonia).  It must be clarified, at the outset, that the Greeks did not take "happiness" to be mere subjective contentment. Happiness entailed flourishing and (objective) well-being. Now Aristotle and the Epicureans offer very different accounts of happiness and, for this reason, the Epicureans certainly added on to Aristotle's moral theory. Indeed the only significant point of agreement is that they both...

Aristotle, like most of the ancient Greeks, was concerned with defining happiness (eudaimonia).  It must be clarified, at the outset, that the Greeks did not take "happiness" to be mere subjective contentment. Happiness entailed flourishing and (objective) well-being. Now Aristotle and the Epicureans offer very different accounts of happiness and, for this reason, the Epicureans certainly added on to Aristotle's moral theory. Indeed the only significant point of agreement is that they both take happiness to be the goal of life. Such moral theories are often called "eudaimonistic."

In the Nicomachean Ethics X, Aristotle argues that the best possible life consists in contemplation (theōria) but that a secondarily happy life — and one that is attainable by human beings — involves a life lived according to practical wisdom (phronēsis). A person who possesses practical wisdom and, consequently, happiness, will possess a range of moral and intellectual virtues. 

The Epicureans, on the other hand, defined happiness as pleasure. Pleasure requires the absence of emotional distress as well as the absence of physical pain. We will be happy as long as we pursue natural and necessary pleasures. 

The glucose made by photosynthesis is turned into starch. If iodine solution is added to a leaf, the parts that contain starch go a blue-black...

The concept to remember is that photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts which are found in green leaves primarily in the mesophyll, the middle layer of the leaf. Photosynthesis results in glucose and this can be converted to a larger carbohydrate known as starch to be stored for later use.

In the first diagram, the leaf is all green and grown in the light so virtually anywhere you put Lugol's solution (the iodine test) on the leaf, it will turn blue-black to indicate the presence of starch.

In the picture where the leaf is all green but grown in the dark for 48 hours there should be no starch present. The leaf should have used up the stored starch for energy to stay alive while it was kept in the dark environment. There could be some remaining, though.

The last picture on the right side of the top row shows a variegated leaf with a white border grown in the light. Starch will be present in the green areas only. The white area contains cells which lack chloroplasts therefore, no photosynthesis will occur and no starch will be present in those cells.

On the left side of the bottom row, the leaf is all green but has aluminum foil covering a part of it in a strip. Since it was grown in the light, starch will be present in the green areas that are not covered by the foil.

The next picture shows a dead leaf. Since it was grown in the light, there may still be some starch left in the leaf and should show a positive result.

Finally, the last picture shows a variegated leaf, grown in the light with an aluminum strip making a cross section covering both green and white areas. Starch will only be found in the green areas that are uncovered by the foil and not in the white areas since they lack chloroplasts. Any cells under the foil will not receive sunlight so there will not be any production of starch.

Since I am unable to shade the diagrams you provided, I hope my detailed answer will enable you to do so based on the individual responses I provided for each picture. Good luck.

`int_1^2 x^4 (ln(x))^2 dx` Evaluate the integral

`int_1^2x^4(ln(x))^2dx`

If f(x) and g(x) are differentiable functions, then

`intf(x)g'(x)dx=f(x)g(x)-intf'(x)g(x)dx`

If we write f(x)=u and ` ` g'(x)=v, then

`intuvdx=uintvdx-int(u'intvdx)dx`

Using the above method of integration by parts,

`intx^4(ln(x))^2dx=(ln(x))^2intx^4dx-int(d/dx(ln(x)^2)intx^4dx)dx`

`=(ln(x))^2*x^5/5-int(2ln(x)*1/x(x^5/5))dx`

`=(ln(x))^2x^5/5-2/5intx^4ln(x)dx`

again applying integration by parts,

`=x^5/5(ln(x))^2-2/5(ln(x)intx^4dx-int(d/dx(ln(x))intx^4dx)dx)`

`=x^5/5(ln(x))^2-2/5(ln(x)x^5/5-int(1/x*x^5/5)dx)`

`=x^5/5(ln(x))^2-2/25x^5ln(x)+2/25intx^4dx`

`=x^5/5(ln(x))^2-2/25x^5ln(x)+2/25*x^5/5`

adding constant to the solution,

`=x^5/5(ln(x))^2-2/25x^5ln(x)+2/125x^5+C`

Now evaluate the definite integral,

`int_1^2x^4(ln(x))^2dx=[x^5/5(ln(x))^2-2/25x^5ln(x)+2/125x^5]_1^2`

`=[2^5/5(ln(2))^2-2/25*2^5ln(2)+2/125(2^5)]-[1^5/5(ln(1))^2-2/25(1)^5ln(1)+2/125(1^5)]`

`=[32/5(ln(2))^2-64/25ln(2)+64/125]-[2/125]`

`=32/5(ln(2))^2-64/25ln(2)+62/125`

`int_1^2x^4(ln(x))^2dx`

If f(x) and g(x) are differentiable functions, then

`intf(x)g'(x)dx=f(x)g(x)-intf'(x)g(x)dx`

If we write f(x)=u and ` ` g'(x)=v, then

`intuvdx=uintvdx-int(u'intvdx)dx`

Using the above method of integration by parts,

`intx^4(ln(x))^2dx=(ln(x))^2intx^4dx-int(d/dx(ln(x)^2)intx^4dx)dx`

`=(ln(x))^2*x^5/5-int(2ln(x)*1/x(x^5/5))dx`

`=(ln(x))^2x^5/5-2/5intx^4ln(x)dx`

again applying integration by parts,

`=x^5/5(ln(x))^2-2/5(ln(x)intx^4dx-int(d/dx(ln(x))intx^4dx)dx)`

`=x^5/5(ln(x))^2-2/5(ln(x)x^5/5-int(1/x*x^5/5)dx)`

`=x^5/5(ln(x))^2-2/25x^5ln(x)+2/25intx^4dx`

`=x^5/5(ln(x))^2-2/25x^5ln(x)+2/25*x^5/5`

adding constant to the solution,

`=x^5/5(ln(x))^2-2/25x^5ln(x)+2/125x^5+C`

Now evaluate the definite integral,

`int_1^2x^4(ln(x))^2dx=[x^5/5(ln(x))^2-2/25x^5ln(x)+2/125x^5]_1^2`

`=[2^5/5(ln(2))^2-2/25*2^5ln(2)+2/125(2^5)]-[1^5/5(ln(1))^2-2/25(1)^5ln(1)+2/125(1^5)]`

`=[32/5(ln(2))^2-64/25ln(2)+64/125]-[2/125]`

`=32/5(ln(2))^2-64/25ln(2)+62/125`

What is the solution of "The Pit and the Pendulum"?

The solution to Edgar Allan Poe's The Pit and the Pendulumis ultimately the narrator's rescue. For the majority of the story, the narrator finds himself trapped in a cell, imprisoned by the Spanish Inquisition for a reason that we as the readers do not know. He faces absolute darkness at first, which is when he nearly stumbles into the pit; then the room lights up and he sees that the walls are painted and...

The solution to Edgar Allan Poe's The Pit and the Pendulum is ultimately the narrator's rescue. For the majority of the story, the narrator finds himself trapped in a cell, imprisoned by the Spanish Inquisition for a reason that we as the readers do not know. He faces absolute darkness at first, which is when he nearly stumbles into the pit; then the room lights up and he sees that the walls are painted and encounters the rats for the first time; after that, he has to escape the pendulum, which is slowly descending down upon him as he lies strapped to the floor. Once he has escaped all of those things, the walls start to literally close in around him in the shape of a diamond, forcing him closer and closer to the pit. The story ends as the narrator is about to fall into the pit, but the walls stop, and just as he is starting to fall, a hand grabs his arm (the hand of General Lasalle of the French army) and he is freed from his death.

Why does Patrick Henry say that God is on the side of the colonists?

In his famous "Liberty or Death" speech--given before the Virginia Convention on March 23, 1775--Patrick Henry argued that God was on the side of the colonists in their conflict with Great Britain. As with the framers of the Declaration of Independence, Henry stated the British had violated natural, God-given law--specifically, the human right of freedom. Because the British had broken this natural law, it logically followed that God would side with the colonists, not the...

In his famous "Liberty or Death" speech--given before the Virginia Convention on March 23, 1775--Patrick Henry argued that God was on the side of the colonists in their conflict with Great Britain. As with the framers of the Declaration of Independence, Henry stated the British had violated natural, God-given law--specifically, the human right of freedom. Because the British had broken this natural law, it logically followed that God would side with the colonists, not the British.

Consequently, Henry declared that the colonists "will not fight our battles alone," for "There is a just God who presides over the destinies of nations...who will raise up friends to fight our battles for us." Likewise, he said that the "God of nature" had given the colonists the means to defeat the British: "Three millions of people, armed in the cause of holy liberty."

After reading "Raymond's Run," you can’t help admiring Squeaky. Imagine how you would feel about her if she were in your class at school.

I’d certainly be jealous of Squeaky. Her being an invincible runner would make her immensely popular in the whole school. Forget about the students, I'm sure, even the principal and the teachers would be her fans. Her huge fame is sure to cause me a great deal of uneasiness. It may even instill in me a sense of inferiority complex.

But I'm sure this sense of insecurity and inferiority would have a positive effect on me. It would prompt me to extract the best out of me.

Squeaky’s secret behind her success is her single-minded dedication to running. Even if she is with her mother or Raymond on a street, she is practicing running; and while strolling, she continues her breathing exercises. She has made running a part of her life, and this, in turn, has made her the “fastest thing on two feet.”

I may not admit to Squeaky that she has taught me a great lesson: if one devotes oneself completely to what one does, one is sure to make a mark in that activity.

Though envious of Squeaky, I’d secretly admire her and try to imitate her. Beating her in running may not be possible, perhaps; I’d figure out some other activity I'm naturally good at or I’d love to excel at. It may be singing, dancing, painting, acting, swimming or anything else. Whatever it would be, I’d immerse myself wholly in it.  

And I'm sure, sooner or later the day would come when I’d too become a Squeaky in the activity of my interest. And then, perhaps, I’d no more be jealous of her, and would be able to admire her openly.  

What are some factors that project a company culture?

The projection of company culture, in contrast to the internal practice itself, relate to the reflection of the company to the outside world and general public, including potential new hires. There are many factors in the projection of company culture, but several of them generally dominate this reflection.

At the most basic, the name of the company itself serves, intentionally or not, as a means of projection. Paired with the company name is the company...

The projection of company culture, in contrast to the internal practice itself, relate to the reflection of the company to the outside world and general public, including potential new hires. There are many factors in the projection of company culture, but several of them generally dominate this reflection.

At the most basic, the name of the company itself serves, intentionally or not, as a means of projection. Paired with the company name is the company logo and other associated symbols, including things such as employee uniforms.

The physical location of the company is also a route of projection. This is perhaps best emphasized by the emergence of Silicon Valley at the ultimate location for technology start ups. Just by having the company headquarters in a specific area a strong message can be sent about the cultural precepts of the company.

The public view of the company president, CEO, board of directors, or other company officers is intimately tied to public perception of the company, and as such acts as a strong route of projection. It is difficult for a company to reflect cultural values if the public can see the company leaders acting in a way that directly contradicts them.

The most traditional means of cultural projection is through the use of marketing and public relations projects. These serve as a means of direct and explicit communication between the company and the public, and if great care is not taken in their formulation, companied may find themselves projecting values other than those they seek to embrace.

What type of research is more applicable in modern research?

There are various types of research studies circulating within and beyond the modern academy. For the social and natural sciences these include descriptive research, exploratory research, explanatory research, action research, survey research, cross-sectional research, longitudinal research, experimental research, case studies, pilot studies, ethnographic/field research, meta-analysis and synthesis research, observational research, and causal studies, among others. Common for the humanities are archival research, theoretical research, comparative research, interpretive (semiological, deconstructive, phenomenological) research.

Yet note that these...

There are various types of research studies circulating within and beyond the modern academy. For the social and natural sciences these include descriptive research, exploratory research, explanatory research, action research, survey research, cross-sectional research, longitudinal research, experimental research, case studies, pilot studies, ethnographic/field research, meta-analysis and synthesis research, observational research, and causal studies, among others. Common for the humanities are archival research, theoretical research, comparative research, interpretive (semiological, deconstructive, phenomenological) research.

Yet note that these general research types are only one part of thinking through the research process. All research projects also require clearly conceptualized and explicated epistemological frameworks (theoretical paradigms), literature reviews (existing knowledge about the topic), a formulated object of analysis including questions/hypothesis and the types of evidence necessary to answer such questions, methods for gathering said evidence, and tools for analyzing the data collected. 

In terms of which of these types of research are most applicable to modern research, there is no clear cut answer—beyond the explicit presence of all the components (laid out in paragraph above). This is because evaluating applicability should be based on how well your type of research matches your research questions. Explaining how research method A is the best way to answer research question B, and why such question is of intellectual (and other, such as social, environmental, or commercial) significance, is the only standard protocol for determining the applicability of one's research practice in the modern academy.

While there are trends in which quantitative data analyses are becoming more popular, the reasons aren't necessarily due to applicability but rather to funding and career related opportunities. Although one could argue that the sheer proliferation of accessible big data does make particular types of research (e.g. those that engage big data) a quite historically apropos research practice.  

To whom is Romeo talking in his aside in Act II, Scene 2, line 37? Why is the aside effective?

In Act II, Scene 2, Romeo first speaks softly to himself in an aside because he is excited to hear Juliet's voice, and in the second aside, line 37, he is uncomfortable because he feels that he is invading Juliet's privacy by standing beneath her balcony and hearing her private thoughts. But, by not speaking, he hears more.

Romeo says, "Shall I hear more, or shall I speak at this?" but he decides that it...

In Act II, Scene 2, Romeo first speaks softly to himself in an aside because he is excited to hear Juliet's voice, and in the second aside, line 37, he is uncomfortable because he feels that he is invading Juliet's privacy by standing beneath her balcony and hearing her private thoughts. But, by not speaking, he hears more.

Romeo says, "Shall I hear more, or shall I speak at this?" but he decides that it is better not to speak. This aside is effective because by keeping quiet, Romeo learns that Juliet shares his loving interest and wants to be with him as he hears her say,

....Romeo, doff thy name,
And for thy name, which is not part of thee,
Take all myself. (2.2.47-49)

Learning of Juliet's love, Romeo then becomes emboldened to declare his own desire and love for Juliet, and by so doing, he and Juliet communicate their feelings early on. Otherwise, they would not know so soon how the other feels, and might have difficulty in contacting each other since their families are enemies. Certainly, this Scene 2 as it is written enables the drama to advance more quickly than it would if Romeo were to not speak up right away. 

How did the role of the Canadian government change over the course of World War II?

Canada officially declared war on Germany just over one week after World War II officially began on September 1st 1939. This was Canada's first independent declaration of war. 

Initially Canada was reluctant to join the war or spend money on the armed forces, but managed to garner impressive participation, with 10% of their population joining the armed forces. But they still entered the war with a moderate war strategy, stating that it would prioritize Canadian defense, possibly assist other countries, and serve allies primarily by providing food and supplies. By the end of World War II; however, Canada's military was one of the largest in the world. 

During the first nine months of the war, Britain was essentially responsible for Canada's war plan. They trained British pilots and their equipment was made according to British designs. However, during the Battle of France in 1940 Britain began to run out of equipment and soon thereafter told Canada they would need them to provide more. Many piloting graduates who were expected to be trainers were sent to Europe to fight as needed and Canada's involvement increased. They also began to send troops to defend the West Indies.

After France fell and the chance of Germany invading the Americas became a real possibility, Canada began to shift its focus from aiding Britain to defending itself, sending troops to their eastern colony of Newfoundland. Toward the end of 1940 a defeat of Britain by Germany became increasingly likely, so much so that it was agreed that the United States would overtake control of Canada's military should Europe be overtaken by Germany. In the Fall of 1941, Canada offered troops to the British government to help defend Hong Kong. They began to fight Japan there and eventually the allies lost. 

Canada was made responsible for two very strategic points in the Atlantic ocean during World War II: the Mid-Atlantic Gap, and the English Channel. The former, near Greenland, was a very hostile point in the supply chain and the gap was eventually closed by the Canadian Navy in 1943. The latter they controlled during the invasion of Normandy. The U.S. and Britain relied on Canada to cover their flanks during the invasion.

The Canadian government increasingly pressured Canadian troops to be put into action, and as a result they participated in the Dieppe Raid on occupied France, which, after the death and capture of over half the troops sent, was largely considered useless. Public pressure also pushed the Canadian troops to participate in the invasion of Italy in Sicily.

On June 6, 1944 the Canadian forces joined the Battle of Normandy. They experienced significant losses at first but eventually penetrated farther than the United States or Britain. 

In the end, the growth of the Canadian military throughout the time of World War II, from a small supportive military without a lot of funding to a world superpower, was impressive. By the end of the war, their air force was the 4th-largest in the world and their navy the 5th.

What are the main conflicts in The Sisters Brothers?

This question is super difficult to answer.  It's not hard because the book doesn't have much conflict. On the contrary, the book moves from one conflict to the next.  The brothers are always in conflict with each other.  They aren't sure about their boss, the Commodore.  It seems that everywhere they go, Eli and Charlie make enemies of people.  It's almost laughable at exactly how much trouble the two brothers seem to find.  

If...

This question is super difficult to answer.  It's not hard because the book doesn't have much conflict. On the contrary, the book moves from one conflict to the next.  The brothers are always in conflict with each other.  They aren't sure about their boss, the Commodore.  It seems that everywhere they go, Eli and Charlie make enemies of people.  It's almost laughable at exactly how much trouble the two brothers seem to find.  

If I had to pick a single conflict as a main conflict, I would probably go with the conflict that the Commodore's contract puts on the brothers.  They are hired assassins, and they are quite cold about their job; however, they do have standards about their targets.  The brothers are to initially kill a man named Warm, but unlike all of their other targets, Warm seems like a perfectly nice and innocent guy.  Charlie and Eli take the contract, and as they search for their target they run into conflict after conflict.  When they do eventually find Warm, their suspicions are confirmed about Warm.  He is a nice guy, and the brothers see no reason to kill him.  That means Eli and Charlie have to return to the Commodore and kill him.  Without the Commodore giving the initial contract, the brothers would never have had to deal with all of its repercussions.  That's why I choose the Commodore and the brother's conflict as the main conflict. 

How did our country become united after the Civil War ended?

After the Civil War ended, it was necessary to bring the southern states that had seceded back into the country again so it could be united. This was accomplished through a process called Reconstruction.

There were many plans of Reconstruction proposed. The plan that was used was the one developed by the Radical Republicans in Congress. The Radical Republicans gave more power to the Freedmen’s Bureau. This allowed the Freedmen’s Bureau to prosecute people who...

After the Civil War ended, it was necessary to bring the southern states that had seceded back into the country again so it could be united. This was accomplished through a process called Reconstruction.

There were many plans of Reconstruction proposed. The plan that was used was the one developed by the Radical Republicans in Congress. The Radical Republicans gave more power to the Freedmen’s Bureau. This allowed the Freedmen’s Bureau to prosecute people who violated the rights of African-Americans. They passed the Civil Rights Bill of 1866 that gave citizenship to African-Americans. The Radical Republicans required the states that had seceded to write new constitutions that ratified the 13th amendment, which ended slavery, and the 14th amendment, which said that people who were born in the United States were citizens of this country.

There were other parts to the Radical Republican reconstruction plan. The Reconstruction Act of 1867 divided the South into five military districts. Here, the military was in charge of the process of rebuilding the South. African-American males voted in state elections. The 15th amendment was ratified that prevented the denial of voting rights based on race or on being a former slave. New industries were developed in the South.

While many white southerners resented the Radical Republican reconstruction plan, this plan did help to unite the country and helped it move forward after the Civil War ended.

Who are the main characters in the story "The Canterville Ghost"?

The main characters in "The Canterville" ghost come down to two groups.  One group is the Otis family.  The other group is Sir Simon, the Canterville Ghost.  

Sir Simon has been haunting the house for a long time.  He murdered his wife, and then his brothers-in-law killed him for revenge.  He has been haunting the house ever since.  

The Otis family is made up of Mr. Otis, Mrs. Otis, Virginia Otis (the daughter),...

The main characters in "The Canterville" ghost come down to two groups.  One group is the Otis family.  The other group is Sir Simon, the Canterville Ghost.  

Sir Simon has been haunting the house for a long time.  He murdered his wife, and then his brothers-in-law killed him for revenge.  He has been haunting the house ever since.  

The Otis family is made up of Mr. Otis, Mrs. Otis, Virginia Otis (the daughter), and the Otis Twins.  Virginia Otis is the only member of the Otis family that has any kind of sympathy toward Sir Simon.  In fact, she helps Sir Simon make peace with his past and move on to the after life.  The rest of the Otis family, especially the twins, enjoy pestering the Sir Simon and making his ghostly existence miserable.  

The last main character is the Duke of Cheshire.  He's in love with Virginia and they eventually end up getting married.  

What are some differences and similarities between Nywoye and Okonkwo?

From the start of the novel, Okonkwo, the protagonist, is described as very prideful and someone who adheres very closely to the customs and the traditions of his people, the Igbo. He is someone who “ruled his household with a heavy hand” (Achebe 13) and causes fear in his children and wives. Okonkwo thinks any kind of emotional weakness is womanly and measures his own worth by the success of his crops and the number...

From the start of the novel, Okonkwo, the protagonist, is described as very prideful and someone who adheres very closely to the customs and the traditions of his people, the Igbo. He is someone who “ruled his household with a heavy hand” (Achebe 13) and causes fear in his children and wives. Okonkwo thinks any kind of emotional weakness is womanly and measures his own worth by the success of his crops and the number of wives and children he has. His son, Nwoye, on the other hand, desires to break away from the traditions of the Igbo, including those that say manliness is the most important trait.

When the Christians come to bring their religion to the Igbo people, Okonkwo is very resistant and wants to convince the other tribal members to fight back (this resistance is part of what leads to his downfall). Nwoye, however, sees something in the message of the Christians and decides to convert. Because Nwoye questions certain traditions of the Igbo, such as the custom to kill twins because they are seen as an abomination, he is drawn to Christianity as an answer to some of his questions. Achebe writes that when Nwoye encounters the Christian missionaries, he was “captivated” by the “poetry of the new religion” (147). While the arrival of the Christians was a way for Nwoye to escape his father, for Okonkwo, it was the beginning of the end.

Perhaps the only similarity between the two is their fondness for Ikemefuna, who is forced to leave his own village and stay at Okonwko’s compound as compensation for a wrong done to the Igbo people by a man of another village. Ikemefuna’s fate is sealed from the beginning, but Okonwko cannot help become attached to him, regardless. Nwoye, too, “became quite inseparable” from Ikemefuna. This, again, might be the only similarity between Okonkwo and Nwoye.

How could one summarize Chapter 13, "Gender," in An Introduction to Sociolinguistics by Ronald Wardhaugh, citing the studies he has used to...

In Chapter 13 of An Introduction to Linguistics, Ronald Wardhaugh concedes that the concept of gender is largely based on personal identity and cultural norms, rather than the standard, traditional definition of biological sex, and also notes that this self-identification may vary depending on the roles a person must fill in his or her life, as parent, sibling, professional partner, etc.  He begins by stating that “gender is a key component of identity,” and therefore shapes who we are; it is inextricable from our selves and our natural mannerisms.  Despite this acknowledgement, however,  the chapter focuses on studies dividing men and women across societies and in different cultures, and raises the question of sexism in language; is any language in and of itself inherently sexist, or do cultural and societal norms shape the way different users of a language communicate?  This question has occupied researchers in a variety of disciplines for years, and while some studies, mostly anthropological, have provided strict grammatical and dialectal evidence for linguistic differences between the men and women of certain cultures, many others, almost exclusively performed among English-speakers, focus on differences in vocabulary use, intonation, and meta-linguistic or paralinguistic communication and gestural habits. 

Wardhaugh mentions several examples of the former, including studies by Sapir (1929) of the Yana people of California; by Dixon (1971) of the Dyirbal people of northern Queensland in Australia, and by Bradley (1998) of the Yanyuwa people of Australia.  In this latter example the men and women speak different dialects characterized by the system of affixation used with root words shared by the two groups.  Wardhaugh also mentions a 1998 paper by Reynolds which discusses the use of boku or ore  and watasi or asi in Japanese when referring to the self for men and women, respectively.  (The study mentions a modern trend here, of teenage girls using boku in order to be taken more seriously by their male peers – Wardhaugh makes several references to shifting language in this chapter, mentioning that women are on the societal move, and in seeking equalization often make an effort to adopt a more traditionally “masculine” way of speaking, in order to gain respect from a male-dominated society.  He mentions Margaret Thatcher being advised to lower her voice and alter her intonation at the outset of her political career as a good example.)  

In English, these sorts of grammatical differences are absent; the differences in men’s and women’s speech is evident in other ways, however.  In conversations involving men and women, men speak more than women.  In male-only conversations men tend to focus on dominance and speak with more aggression; speech is goal-oriented and focused on achieving, whereas in female-only conversations the speech is focused on feelings, relationships, and analysis of information.  Often, however, studies and claims about the differences in men’s and women’s speech is difficult to substantiate; for example there is a widely-accepted view that men interrupt women more than women interrupt men.  However, James and Clarke (1993) reviewed 54 studies that found no appreciable difference in the rate of interruptions between male and female participants. Likewise the belief that women are more polite than men in conversation is contested by Mills (2003).  Wardhaugh cites Cameron (1998a) as saying that these sorts of studies provide little more than anecdotal evidence that men and women use language differently, provide little in terms of analysis, and lack a theory to be tested or applied.  Holmes (1998) does just this, outlining five “sociolinguistic universal tendencies” that can be tested in male vs. female speech, found on page 322 of the fifth edition of this text.

There are two widely-circulated views of the reasons for these inequalities:  the dominance view supported by Lakoff (1975) and DeFrancisco (1997) states that men are dominant in society and women submissive, and that language use reflects men’s and women’s relation to and perceived ability to wield power within a relationship.  The difference or deficit view focuses on these linguistic differences as learned behaviors, ingrained by society and passed on through generations.  Maltz and Borker (1982) posit that men and women belong to different “sub-cultures,” and therefore learn to utilize language in different ways; in this view miscommunication results from different interpretations of learned behaviors in communities of men versus communities of women.  Further evidence of gender-based inequalities in language use being determined by societal rather than linguistic norms is offered by Keenan’s 1974 study of the Malagasy people; in this culture men are soft-spoken and diplomatic, and women are the hardlining, goal-oriented members of the society; women use language in a more blunt, powerful, and aggressive manner, whereas men are valued for the opposite linguistic tendencies.

Wardhaugh states at the end of this chapter, “My own view is that men’s and women’s speech differ because boys and girls are brought up differently and men and women often fill different roles in society. Moreover, most men and women know this and behave accordingly (333).”  He has therefore rejected the idea that a language itself can be sexist, and states that only individuals who speak a language – any language – can be sexist.  It is the use of language that creates and projects inequality, rather than the language itself.  Also, as a final note, it should be mentioned that many of the studies cited in this chapter are decades old and therefore do not necessarily reflect the state of society and communication habits of today’s world.  Nor can they be said to be completely characteristic of any individual or group of men or women – as Wardhaugh mentions at the beginning of the chapter, gender identity is not black-and-white and fluctuates according to the myriad sociological groups of which an individual may be a part.  Therefore while gender is a possible dividing line for the use of language, it must be viewed in conjunction with other societal factors such as race, income, high school clique, etc., and any study or test must be controlled accordingly.

Are there any ways to stop desertification or to slow it down?

Desertification is a process that affects dryland ecosystems in every continent of the world except Antarctica. Most forms of desertification in the past century have been anthropogenic, or caused by human activity. Humans, therefore, can slow, prevent or reverse the process, something that is the goal of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). 

One cause of desertification is overgrazing. This can be due to overgrazing of sheep and cattle or of predator eradication programs...

Desertification is a process that affects dryland ecosystems in every continent of the world except Antarctica. Most forms of desertification in the past century have been anthropogenic, or caused by human activity. Humans, therefore, can slow, prevent or reverse the process, something that is the goal of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). 

One cause of desertification is overgrazing. This can be due to overgrazing of sheep and cattle or of predator eradication programs to benefit ranchers which lead to overpopulation of deer. In this case, most of the way to stop or to slow desertification is to stop allowing grazing on public lands and compel ranchers to pay fair market value for access to water. Riparian habitats are especially sensitive. If they keep their natural plant cover, they can keep arid lands green and productive, but when trampled by cattle and sheep, they turn into dry washes, and rain water becomes flash foods rather than a year round stream. Unfortunately the "welfare cowboys" of the west are a potent political pressure group and enjoy having their livestock operations subsidized by other taxpayers; your personal ability to change this dynamic is your vote. It is possible to restore the desert through holistic management, including managed livestock grazing and planting, but this will only be effective if overgrazing is stopped.

Another major cause of desertification is intense farming. Irrigation can deplete in-stream flows in rivers, degrading the moisture absorbing vegetation of the banks. Also, irrigation and fertilizers increase the alkalinity of the soil, and thus intensive agriculture in drylands leads to desertification. Again, this is a political issue, with farmers in areas such as the California interior able to draw water at below market costs and using irrigation to make short-term profits at the expense of desertifying vast swathes of farmland. It is possible to use crop rotation and and other sustainable types of agriculture to restore desertified farmland.

The book  describes the desertification of the American West in some detail.

Why did Chris McCandless from Into the Wild choose the Alaskan wilderness specifically to live in?

I will not be here in South Dakota very much longer. My friend, Wayne, wants me to stay working at the grain elevator through May and then go combining with him the entire summer, but I have my soul set entirely on my Alaskan Odyssey and hope to be on my way no later than April 15.

For years, Chris McCandless had his heart set on what he called his "Alaskan Odyssey."  Without being able to ask McCandless directly, it will probably never be known exactly why he was so obsessed with living off of the land in Alaska.  He could have attempted the feat in many other places in the United States.  For that matter, McCandless could have done it in plenty of other countries as well.

Krakauer spends an entire chapter telling readers about other men that tried, and failed, to live off the land in Alaska.  He uses those chapters to compare McCandless to other men who felt the "Call of the Wild" in Alaska.  McCandless isn't unique in thinking that Alaska represents one of the last truly untamed wildernesses out there, and I believe that he overly romanticized what Alaska would be like for him.  

Krakauer also believes that McCandless had an overly romantic idea of Alaska.  Krakauer contemplates that McCandless's feelings about Alaska stemmed from his infatuation with the author Jack London.   

McCandless had been infatuated with London since childhood. London’s fervent condemnation of capitalist society, his glorification of the primordial world, his championing of the great unwashed—all of it mirrored McCandless’s passions. Mesmerized by London’s turgid portrayal of life in Alaska and the Yukon, McCandless read and reread The Call of the Wild, White Fang, “To Build a Fire,” “An Odyssey of the North,” “The Wit of Porportuk.” He was so enthralled by these tales, . . . 

McCandless's lifelong hero was London, and London's muse and central setting for many stories was Alaska.  I think McCandless figured he would get the same experience in real life that he got from reading those works of fiction. 

What gives Juliet the strength to drink the potion?

At the end of Act IV, Scene III, Juliet is alone in her bedroom trying to work up the courage to drink the sleeping potion prepared for her by the Apothecary. If all goes according to plan, Juliet will sleep so deeply that she appears dead and will awake when Romeo comes to find her in her family tomb. Juliet's courage begins to shake as she wonders whether the potion will work at all, or...

At the end of Act IV, Scene III, Juliet is alone in her bedroom trying to work up the courage to drink the sleeping potion prepared for her by the Apothecary. If all goes according to plan, Juliet will sleep so deeply that she appears dead and will awake when Romeo comes to find her in her family tomb. Juliet's courage begins to shake as she wonders whether the potion will work at all, or whether it might really kill her! She works herself up into a frenzy, dreading what might happen if she wakes up too early in the tomb, alone with her dead ancestors. She even thinks that she sees Tybalt's ghost, come back to hunt down Romeo. With this, she steels herself and defiantly drinks the potion, setting her mind on the hope that she will awake in the tomb, according to plan.

Describe how Candy is affected by the death of his dog in Of Mice and Men

Candy had a very difficult time when his dog was shot. First, he clearly did not want Carlson to shoot his dog.  Candy had his dog for a long time, and in some ways it was his only companion. This is a significant point, because in this world, friendships are rare. So, when he heard the gun shot in the distance, he was in pain. Here is the quote.

A shot sounded in the distance....

Candy had a very difficult time when his dog was shot. First, he clearly did not want Carlson to shoot his dog.  Candy had his dog for a long time, and in some ways it was his only companion. This is a significant point, because in this world, friendships are rare. So, when he heard the gun shot in the distance, he was in pain. Here is the quote.

A shot sounded in the distance. The men looked quickly at the old man. Every head turned toward him

For a moment he continued to stare at the ceiling. Then he rolled slowly over and faced the wall and lay silent.

Second, Candy also has regrets.  So, we can say guilt affects him.  He confides in George. He says that he should have shot the dog himself.  This shows that Candy also knows that his dog is old and in pain.  It might have been the merciful thing to do, namely to give the dog a good death.  However, he should have been the one to do it.  Here is what the text says:

"I ought to of shot that dog myself, George. I shouldn’t ought to of let no stranger shoot my dog."

How does Juliet to arrange to meet Romeo?

In Act II, Scene 2 of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, the famous balcony scene, Romeo and Juliet pledge their love for each other. Although Juliet fears she has been too forward and that the speed of their relationship is too fast, Romeo presses the issue, declaring his devotion. Eventually Juliet brings up the idea of marriage, telling Romeo she will send someone to discover his plans the very next day:

Three words, dear Romeo,...

In Act II, Scene 2 of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, the famous balcony scene, Romeo and Juliet pledge their love for each other. Although Juliet fears she has been too forward and that the speed of their relationship is too fast, Romeo presses the issue, declaring his devotion. Eventually Juliet brings up the idea of marriage, telling Romeo she will send someone to discover his plans the very next day:

Three words, dear Romeo, and good night indeed.
If that thy bent of love be honorable,
Thy purpose marriage, send me word tomorrow,
By one that I’ll procure to come to thee,
Where and what time thou wilt perform the rite,
And all my fortunes at thy foot I’ll lay
And follow thee my lord throughout the world.

She sends the Nurse, her dedicated confidante, to talk to Romeo who has arranged for the couple to be married by Friar Lawrence that same day. The Friar believes that such a marriage will end the terrible feud between the Montagues and Capulets. Juliet then uses the excuse that she is going to confession (shrift) to meet Romeo at the church where Friar Lawrence will marry them. In the meantime, the Nurse secures a rope ladder in order for Romeo to ascend to Juliet's bedroom for their honeymoon that night. 

What admonition does Friar Laurence give Romeo in Act 2, Scene 3?

Friar Laurence chides Romeo for going from one girl to another. 

When Romeo comes to Friar Laurence in the morning, he first assumes that Romeo has been sinning with Rosaline.  Romeo tells him that this is not the case.  He is completely over Rosaline.  He is now in love with someone else. 

Friar Laurence is surprised at this news, reminding Romeo of how recently he was so upset about Rosaline. 

ROMEO

Thou chid'st me...

Friar Laurence chides Romeo for going from one girl to another. 

When Romeo comes to Friar Laurence in the morning, he first assumes that Romeo has been sinning with Rosaline.  Romeo tells him that this is not the case.  He is completely over Rosaline.  He is now in love with someone else. 

Friar Laurence is surprised at this news, reminding Romeo of how recently he was so upset about Rosaline. 

ROMEO

Thou chid'st me oft for loving Rosaline.

FRIAR LAURENCE

For doting, not for loving, pupil mine.

ROMEO

And bad'st me bury love.

FRIAR LAURENCE

Not in a grave,
To lay one in, another out to have. (Act 2, Scene 3) 

Friar Laurence does not want Romeo to stop pining after one girl just so that he can start chasing another one.  He considers Romeo immature.  This is why he makes a distinction between "doting" and "loving."  He does not think Romeo knows what love really means.

Romeo assures Friar Laurence that he really does love his new girl, Juliet, and that although Rosaline did not return his affections, Juliet does.  He tells Friar Laurence “she whom I love now/ Doth grace for grace and love for love allow;/The other did not so.”  Romeo is convinced that he has now found the one.

Romeo and Friar Laurence have a close relationship.  Friar Laurence is willing to marry Romeo and Juliet not only because he is convinced that Romeo actually cares about Juliet, but because he thinks that in doing so he can help end the feud.  This is how he gets involved in Romeo and Juliet's crazy story, and turns it from just an unfortunate tale of forbidden love to a tragic one.