Why do we use Sudan III to identify lipids?

Sudan III, 1-(4-(phenyldiazenyl)phenyl) azonaphthalen-2-ol, is a member of Sudan dyes that are used for lipid testing. Basically this dye is used to color non polar organic substances such as oils, fats, waxes and other long chain hydrocarbon molecules.

In biochemistry laboratory, Sudan III is used for lipid determination. Sudan III solution has a red-brown color. For lipid testing, the Sudan III solution is added in the aqueous solution of lipids. It should create two layers;...

Sudan III, 1-(4-(phenyldiazenyl)phenyl) azonaphthalen-2-ol, is a member of Sudan dyes that are used for lipid testing. Basically this dye is used to color non polar organic substances such as oils, fats, waxes and other long chain hydrocarbon molecules.

In biochemistry laboratory, Sudan III is used for lipid determination. Sudan III solution has a red-brown color. For lipid testing, the Sudan III solution is added in the aqueous solution of lipids. It should create two layers; the aqueous layer at the bottom and the Sudan III solution on top. The test will be positive when the red (sometimes red-orange) solution of the Sudan Red will decolorize the aqueous solution. It only means that the lipid particles in the aqueous layer will dissolve the Sudan III dye. It will show negative test when the two layers will not change even when the mixtures are shaken.

How did the weakness of the Articles of Confederation affect relations with other nations?

The weakness of central government in the Articles of Confederation had a profound impact on America's relations with other nations.

The Articles of Confederation  sought to create a weak central government.  It wanted to preserve the power of the states in a new union. The President's only tangible power was to reside over Congress. The state governments had all of the power, as seen in how any law that the nation passed had to be...

The weakness of central government in the Articles of Confederation had a profound impact on America's relations with other nations.

The Articles of Confederation  sought to create a weak central government.  It wanted to preserve the power of the states in a new union. The President's only tangible power was to reside over Congress. The state governments had all of the power, as seen in how any law that the nation passed had to be ratified by 9 of the 13 states.  Such logistics made it difficult to govern the new nation.  

This challenge was especially seen in how the nation was able to handle foreign threats. The Articles of Confederation lacked the ability to make strong, unified national statements. Other nations around the world perceived this and used it to their advantage. For example, England did not remove forts vital to fur trading, even though it lost the Revolutionary War.  The Articles of Confederation's lack of centralized government did not provide for an effective army that could be used to root out the English presence.  The Spanish were able to occupy portions of the Mississippi River because Northern States refused to authorize military action against Spain.  As a result, the Spanish were able to charge excessive duties against Southern merchants who used the Mississippi River to transport goods.  The inability to effectively enforce treaties or agreements with other nations weakened the new nation against foreign threats.

The Articles of Confederation's weak central government affected relations with foreign nations significantly.  The lack of a national government created opportunities for foreign nations to exploit American weakness.

What is the target of Swift's satire "A Modest Proposal"? How successful is his attack?

Swift wrote this satiric essay in frustration after a series of reasonable ideas he proposed to help the poor were ignored. These ideas are outlined briefly in "A Modest Proposal" and include such things as a modest tax on wealthy absentee landlords. But his main target is the type of person exemplified by his narrator: a person who can't see "the poor" as more than an economic problem to be solved, that treats them as...

Swift wrote this satiric essay in frustration after a series of reasonable ideas he proposed to help the poor were ignored. These ideas are outlined briefly in "A Modest Proposal" and include such things as a modest tax on wealthy absentee landlords. But his main target is the type of person exemplified by his narrator: a person who can't see "the poor" as more than an economic problem to be solved, that treats them as economic widgets, and that denies them their humanity. Behind this lies a more general condemnation of people's hard-heartedness in letting truly horrific poverty exist in Ireland when it could have been relatively easily alleviated. The essay also attacks the hypocrisy that would allow the rich to rationalize "devouring" the poor in "ordinary" ways, such as by charging exorbitant rents, but would react in horror to actually devouring the babies of the poor. Swift, in essence, is saying: you are already, indirectly, "eating" the children of the poor. If that horrifies you, maybe you should try to solve the problem of acute poverty. 

While the essay is "successful" in the sense of becoming a classic example of satire in the English language, it failed to change conditions for the poor in Ireland. Rather than look in the mirror and change their own behavior, the people Swift targeted labeled Swift a "misanthrope." They essentially blamed the messenger for delivering the message rather than asking why such a message needed to be delivered. 

What is Bud's idea about how the library affects people?

I think that your question is referring to Bud's time spent in the library in Chapter 9. Bud has gone back to the library in order to figure out how far it is to Grand Rapids. Once he knows that information, he can then calculate how long it will take him to walk there. He discovers that it is 120 miles away, and it will take him 24 hours of walking to get there. That's...

I think that your question is referring to Bud's time spent in the library in Chapter 9. Bud has gone back to the library in order to figure out how far it is to Grand Rapids. Once he knows that information, he can then calculate how long it will take him to walk there. He discovers that it is 120 miles away, and it will take him 24 hours of walking to get there. That's the only information he came to the library to obtain. But before he could leave the library, the librarian handed him a Civil War book. Bud wanted to say that he wasn't interested in history, but he took the book anyway. Bud was pleasantly surprised with the content of the book because it was filled with gory war pictures, which he likes to look at.  

I didn't want to tell her that I wasn't really interested in history, it was just that the best gory pictures in the world came from the Civil War. And this book was full of them. It really was a great book.

It's a hilarious line because Bud is judging the quality of a book based on the goriness of its pictures. Regardless of why Bud thinks that the book is good, he becomes so absorbed in the book that he ends up staying in the library until closing time.  

There's another thing that's strange about the library, it seems like time flies when you're in one. . . I couldn't believe it, it'd happened again! I'd spent the whole day reading.

Bud seems to think that being in a library causes people to lose track of time. I definitely agree, because I have personally burned way too many hours of my life in places like Barnes and Noble. Of course the coffee shop helps.   

Why is it a compliment to Matt when Attean does not lead him back to the cabin after his visit to Attean's village?

In chapter 19, Matt is invited to Attean’s village by Attean’s grandmother. She was impressed that Matt, a white boy, would save a Native American’s dog. On this trip to the village, as before, Attean shows Matt the way to the village. During the visit, it is clear that Attean and his tribe accept Matt. He feels as if he has gained their respect.

In the past, after visiting the village, Attean walked Matt all...

In chapter 19, Matt is invited to Attean’s village by Attean’s grandmother. She was impressed that Matt, a white boy, would save a Native American’s dog. On this trip to the village, as before, Attean shows Matt the way to the village. During the visit, it is clear that Attean and his tribe accept Matt. He feels as if he has gained their respect.

In the past, after visiting the village, Attean walked Matt all the way back to his cabin, showing him the way. However, Attean has been teaching Matt how to track his way through the woods as the boys went hunting, fishing or to visit the village. This time, when leaving the village, Attean only travels with Matt long enough to take him across the water in his canoe. Once there, even though it is dark, Attean lets Matt out but does not follow him as before to walk him back to the cabin. Matt realizes that Attean believes in his skill and abilities to make it through the woods alone. This respect from Attean is a compliment to Matt.

How does personification help set the mood in the beginning of chapter ten of Hatchet?

At the beginning of chapter 10 of Gary Paulsen's Hatchet, the writer uses personification to illustrate the importance of the new-found fire in Brian's life. The fire gives Brian great joy:

"It was precious to him... the happy crackle of the dry wood as it burned"

It also creates a new demand on his time, and for the next day the problem constantly demands his attention:

"...he could never leave it. He went to...

At the beginning of chapter 10 of Gary Paulsen's Hatchet, the writer uses personification to illustrate the importance of the new-found fire in Brian's life. The fire gives Brian great joy:

"It was precious to him... the happy crackle of the dry wood as it burned"

It also creates a new demand on his time, and for the next day the problem constantly demands his attention:

"...he could never leave it. He went to the trees and brought in as many dead limbs as he could chop off and carry... and broke them in small pieces and fed the fire."

The personification of the fire serves to highlight Brian's loneliness. Although Brian's thoughts seem to indicate the fire needs constant care, most readers know that a campfire can be left unattended for some time without any harm being done; in fact, the fire burns down to embers during the night and Brian is able to rekindle it. It's more likely that Brian is the one who needs constant companionship and attending.

Similarly, the personification of the fire shows how fragile and vulnerable Brian believes himself to be. He guards and feeds the fire at every opportunity, simply because he cannot do the same for himself.

Were the things that Martin Luther King was fighting for important?

As Martin Luther King said in many of his speeches, most famously at the March on Washington, he was fighting to redeem a promise that the United States had made at its founding. This promise was that all people were equal, and ought to be treated that way under law. So I would argue that it is almost impossible to argue that the things King was fighting for were not important. Part of his appeal...

As Martin Luther King said in many of his speeches, most famously at the March on Washington, he was fighting to redeem a promise that the United States had made at its founding. This promise was that all people were equal, and ought to be treated that way under law. So I would argue that it is almost impossible to argue that the things King was fighting for were not important. Part of his appeal at the time and since is the way that his rhetoric appeals to American values, contrasting the realities of racism and racial discrimination with the things that Americans want to believe about themselves. Moreover, while King has been made "safe" by decades of veneration, many of the things he argued for, especially late in his life, are controversial (but no less important) today. He vehemently opposed the Vietnam War, he advocated for a stronger social safety net and a welfare state, and he fought for workers' rights, including those of white workers. It was a sanitation workers' strike, in fact, that brought him to Memphis in April of 1968, when he was assassinated. In short, the battles King fought were battles over the soul of America, and whether it could live up to its promises. They were, and are, important to say the least.

In The Kite Runner by Khlaled Hosseini, how has Amir's relationship with Baba changed from the time he was a child to when he is an adult? How has...

Throughout Amir's childhood, he had a rather negative relationship with Baba. Baba would continually ignore Amir and never seemed to give him any of his time. Baba was also ashamed and disappointed at Amir's lack of physical prowess and athletic ability. Baba felt that his son was a cowardly boy and in many ways favored Hassan over Amir. As a child, Amir looked up to Baba and wished to gain his admiration. Each time Baba...

Throughout Amir's childhood, he had a rather negative relationship with Baba. Baba would continually ignore Amir and never seemed to give him any of his time. Baba was also ashamed and disappointed at Amir's lack of physical prowess and athletic ability. Baba felt that his son was a cowardly boy and in many ways favored Hassan over Amir. As a child, Amir looked up to Baba and wished to gain his admiration. Each time Baba expressed his displeasure with his son, Amir would become angry at his father and even mentioned that he hated him.

As Amir grows older and moves to America with Baba, their relationship begins to change. Baba warms up to Amir and they become closer. Baba even tells Amir that he has made him proud by graduating. As Baba grows older, Amir takes care of him by feeding him and doing chores around the house. However, some aspects of their relationship remain the same. Baba disapproves of Amir's decision to major in English and insists that Amir follow proper Pushtan ways while he courts Soraya. Baba also remains firm in his decisions and does not allow Amir to influence him regarding his decision not to receive chemotherapy.

Why does Jesse feel that he has to be “the fastest kid in the fifth grade”? How does he prepare for this goal?

If we look in Chapter 1, we see several reasons for Jess's intense desire to be the fastest runner in the fifth grade:

1. Since there's not a lot of playground equipment and the older kids in sixth grade and above tend to grab it first, running is THE thing among the younger kids. It's major, and Jess wants to be a part of it.

2. When he won one race the previous year, it...

If we look in Chapter 1, we see several reasons for Jess's intense desire to be the fastest runner in the fifth grade:

1. Since there's not a lot of playground equipment and the older kids in sixth grade and above tend to grab it first, running is THE thing among the younger kids. It's major, and Jess wants to be a part of it.

2. When he won one race the previous year, it gave him a taste for winning. People talked about him all day, and for once he was known as someone who had bested the others--someone who was a winner, not just a shy kid who draws a lot.

3. He's excited to think that the younger kids at school, and his sisters, and his father will all be proud of him. Jess fantasizes about how those younger students will look up to him once he's known as the fastest kid in the fifth grade.

He thinks he can make this goal happen because of two things: his long legs, and his grit.

We see evidence of that grit as Chapter 1 continues: to work toward this goal of being the fastest in his grade, Jess gets up early every single morning throughout the summer before fifth grade and practices running. He sneaks out of the house while everyone else is sleeping, crouches down, and takes off with a bang, running as fast and hard as he possibly can, until he's soaked in sweat...even though he knows he'll also have to do his chores in the hot sun later on. And even when his body seems to be telling him to quit, he keeps going. That's grit!

What would happen if an organism was removed from a food chain?

All of the living organisms within an ecosystem comprise a living community. Within the living community are feeding relationships that are known as food chains. However, usually there are several interacting food chains tied together in what is known as a food web.

Consider the following food chain in a field.  Leafy plants (producers) being eaten by--> grasshoppers ( primary consumer/herbivores) --> eaten by frogs (secondary consumer/carnivores) --> consumed by snakes (another carnivore- tertiary consumer)-->...

All of the living organisms within an ecosystem comprise a living community. Within the living community are feeding relationships that are known as food chains. However, usually there are several interacting food chains tied together in what is known as a food web.

Consider the following food chain in a field.  Leafy plants (producers) being eaten by--> grasshoppers ( primary consumer/herbivores) --> eaten by frogs (secondary consumer/carnivores) --> consumed by snakes (another carnivore- tertiary consumer)--> consumed by hawks (another carnivore and quartenary consumer).  

If the frogs were to die off in this field perhaps due to a disease or due to pollutants, there will be an increase in the amount of grasshoppers feeding on the producers or green plants.

This can actually cause a major problem if the number of grasshoppers were to increase out of control. They eat plants and the number of plants,which are the basis of the food chain, could severely decrease which would impact all of the levels operating above this trophic level. The producer starts the food chain by capturing solar energy and producing chemical energy stored in the bonds of glucose. 

You would also see an effect on the consumers of the frogs which are the snakes. They would lose an organism that they feed on which can cause their numbers to decrease.

However, since there may be several interacting food chains in the area at the same time, the number of grasshoppers in this question might not increase dramatically if predatory birds in the area were another consumer of grasshoppers. This is why a food web is a more realistic view of how feeding relationships occur in an ecosystem.

On the other hand, if an organism primarily eats one type of organism for food--which is pretty rare in nature, if the organism which is the food source were to die off this could lead to the extinction of the consumer of that organism. An example is  the panda whose food supply consists of 99% bamboo. As bamboo forests are being cut down to use the wood to make furniture and other products, the pandas are losing their main food supply and thus may become extinct someday.

Why does Betsy leave the mill in Lyddie?

Betsy leaves the mill because she is too sick to work and wants to go to college.

Betsy is a factory worker and a friend of Lyddie’s.  She is interested in Lyddie right away.  Lyddie shares a bed with Betsy.  She likes to read novels, and teaches Lyddie how to read better.  Lyddie really enjoys Oliver Twist because she relates to the character.

Betsy admits to Lyddie that she is interested in going to college.

...

Betsy leaves the mill because she is too sick to work and wants to go to college.

Betsy is a factory worker and a friend of Lyddie’s.  She is interested in Lyddie right away.  Lyddie shares a bed with Betsy.  She likes to read novels, and teaches Lyddie how to read better.  Lyddie really enjoys Oliver Twist because she relates to the character.

Betsy admits to Lyddie that she is interested in going to college.

She, too, was saving her money, she confessed quietly to Lyddie and asked her not to tell, to go for an education. There was a college out West in Ohio that took female students‐a real college, not a young ladies' seminary. (Ch. 11)

Betsy tells them one day that she is worn out. She is interested in signing the petition because she is tired of longer and longer work days.  She is more interested in going to college.  As soon as she saves up her money, she plans to go.  She has been putting her brother through Harvard already.

"If they dismiss me, I'd have to stop stalling and blathering and get myself to Oberlin College and a new life." By now, Lyddie was propped up on her elbow listening, torn between pride for Betsy and horror at what she was proposing. "So, you're awake after all, our sleeping beauty." (Ch. 13)

Betsy has a bad cough.  She has nothing to lose, so she signs the petition.  This means that she is dismissed and cannot work in the factory again, but it is too hard for her anyway.  She has to leave the mill for good.  She does not like the hospital because it is too expensive.

Betsy may never have gotten to college.  She could have died from the illness, but either way she did not have enough money to go to college at the time she quit and being sick cost her money.

From Arthur Rowe's book The Essence of Jesus, chapters 5 and 6, how did the early and medieval church use art and drama in its Christian devotion?

According to Rowe in chapter 5, the essence of Jesus in the Middle Ages was found in the art, music and drama of that period, and not in "political and military power struggles." If we want to find out how people experienced Jesus, we have to look at the arts. In a time before the printing press, when literacy was not widespread, Jesus' story was told through  displays of painting, music, and miracle plays, as...

According to Rowe in chapter 5, the essence of Jesus in the Middle Ages was found in the art, music and drama of that period, and not in "political and military power struggles." If we want to find out how people experienced Jesus, we have to look at the arts. In a time before the printing press, when literacy was not widespread, Jesus' story was told through  displays of painting, music, and miracle plays, as well as through processions, pilgrmages and poems about Jesus that were recited in public squares.

Paintings that depicted Jesus in scenes from his life hung in private homes and churches to help people focus on Jesus during their worship and devotions. Often these paintings were quite lush and filled with synbolism that pointed to Jesus' power over death or his divinity. Other paintings showed scenes from Jesus' earthly life, such as the raising of Jairus' daughter or the feeding of the five thousand.

Processions and pilgrimages were used to spread the gospel and demonstrate that vast numbers of ordinary people worshiped Jesus. Miracle plays about Jesus performed in public squares acquainted or reminded the masses of the stories of Jesus' life. Plays like the Chester Miracle Cycle added explanations to familiar Bible stories, such as why the Magi brought the gifts they did to the baby Jesus. This level of detail made Jesus' life more real to people. 

In chapter 6, Rowe discusses the impact of the Reformation that swept across Europe in the late Middle Ages, splitting the church into Catholics and Protestants. Both Protestants and Catholics continued to use paintings, poetry, processions, and drama to spread the word about Jesus and to help people worship him. Painters from Rubens to Rembrandt provided vivid rendering of Jesus' miracles, passion, death, and resurrection, sometimes placed into contempary settings that would help make these stories seem present to people in their own lives. 

An outpouring of poetry and drama marked the end of the 16th and the 17th century. Poets like Robert Herrick and John Milton celebrated Jesus in verse. Milton wrote long, complex poems. Milton's most famous poem, Paradise Lost, covered the events that led to humans being expelled from Eden and ended with the proclamation that Jesus would be born, be cruxified, resurrected and then return again to earth in a second coming. In contrast, George Herbert wrote short, simple poems that expressed his love for Jesus.

In both periods, art, music, poetry and drama were key ways the essence of Jesus was conveyed, and these endeavors led to the creation of some of the greatest works of art and literature in Western civilization.

A single rise or depression in a wave is called the ?

The single rise or depression of a wave are known as crest and trough. In case of transverse waves, we can think of wave motion as consisting of a series of ups and downs or hills and valleys. The highest point in this motion or the rise is known as the crest, whereas the lowest point of the depression is called the trough. One can see this type of motion by using a rope and...

The single rise or depression of a wave are known as crest and trough. In case of transverse waves, we can think of wave motion as consisting of a series of ups and downs or hills and valleys. The highest point in this motion or the rise is known as the crest, whereas the lowest point of the depression is called the trough. One can see this type of motion by using a rope and vibrating its end in an up and down motion, we will be able to see the waves traveling from one end to the other. 

There are some other terms associated with these rise and depressions (or crests and troughs). The wavelength is the distance between two consecutive troughs or crests. Similarly, the wave amplitude is defined is as the distance of crest or trough from the centerline (or the central position or position of rest).

Hope this helps.  

How does the author introduce Malcolm X’s father?

In the autobiography transcribed by Alex Haley, Malcolm X's father, Earl Little, is introduced within terrorizing, yet auspicious, circumstances:

When my mother was pregnant with me, she told me later, a party of hooded Ku Klux Klan riders galloped up to our home in Omaha, Nebraska, one night. Surrounding the house, brandishing their shotguns and rifles, they shouted for my father to come out. My mother went to the front door and opened it. Standing...

In the autobiography transcribed by Alex Haley, Malcolm X's father, Earl Little, is introduced within terrorizing, yet auspicious, circumstances:

When my mother was pregnant with me, she told me later, a party of hooded Ku Klux Klan riders galloped up to our home in Omaha, Nebraska, one night. Surrounding the house, brandishing their shotguns and rifles, they shouted for my father to come out. My mother went to the front door and opened it. Standing where they could see her pregnant condition, she told them that she was alone with her three children, and that my father was away, preaching, in Milwaukee. The Klansmen shouted threats and warnings at her that we had better get out of town because 'the good Christian white people' were not going to stand for my father's 'spreading trouble' among the 'good' Negroes of Omaha with the 'back to Africa' preachings of Marcus Garvey (3).

This is the first paragraph of the autobiography. Here, Malcolm X establishes his position, not only within his family narrative, but also—from the womb—within the politics of resistance, as well as contentions with white supremacy. 

Also, despite later accusations of sexism (see: Manning Marable's more objective biography, Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention), his mother takes precedence in this narrative. She is the hero, standing firm against armed and disguised vigilantes, protecting her children and making them visible. 

The Klansmen, on the other hand, are presented as cowards, fearful of a man who questions and disrupts their position of unquestioned dominance. Malcolm would evolve into someone who would take a position similar to his father's, but would threaten white supremacy, not merely in his community, but on an international scale.

How does Hugo express human misery in Les Miserables?

In the tradition of the epic novel, Hugo takes the reader through all the extremes of human emotion: squalor, courage, romance, and grief. The novel takes us through a strife-ridden portion of France's history, through a period of unrest and failed revolution. The novel shows Jean Valjean's struggle to survive. He is is imprisoned simply for stealing bread to survive, then upon release cannot find work because of the paper that indicates his status as...

In the tradition of the epic novel, Hugo takes the reader through all the extremes of human emotion: squalor, courage, romance, and grief. The novel takes us through a strife-ridden portion of France's history, through a period of unrest and failed revolution. The novel shows Jean Valjean's struggle to survive. He is is imprisoned simply for stealing bread to survive, then upon release cannot find work because of the paper that indicates his status as a former criminal. We see even more grief as Fantine and her friends are all abandoned by their lovers. Then when her daughter, Cosette is abused and mistreated by those who have promised to care for her. Then, yet again, when her lover's attempts to improve this political climate fail. 

The novel is full of grief for the individual characters, a grief that highlights the injustice and cruelty of the society at whole. The reader slowly begins to feel that the scope of such suffering extends across the nation, and is not merely the burden of the novel's major characters. The scope of human squalor would be too much to absorb if he described it all at once; the focus on these characters becomes a symbol of the larger picture. We see a painting of human misery and grief through a cast of numerous characters, all suffering the tragedies of life while the world they inhabit fails to improve.

What is the relationship between Shylock and Antonio in The Merchant of Venice?

The relationship between Antonio and Shylock is contentious; Antonio is heroic, but Shylock is villainous. Certainly, they are rivals in their moneylending: Antonio is kind and generous while Shylock is selfish in all aspects of his life.

One reason that Antonio and Shylock are such rivals as moneylenders is the fact that Antonio allows those who have borrowed from Shylock to come to him in their desperation when their loan and interest are due and,...

The relationship between Antonio and Shylock is contentious; Antonio is heroic, but Shylock is villainous. Certainly, they are rivals in their moneylending: Antonio is kind and generous while Shylock is selfish in all aspects of his life.

One reason that Antonio and Shylock are such rivals as moneylenders is the fact that Antonio allows those who have borrowed from Shylock to come to him in their desperation when their loan and interest are due and, in his liberality, he lends them money at the last minute. On the other hand, Shylock is completely materialistic. Not only does he demand the payment on his loans, plus his usury charge, but he is most concerned with his own personal material possessions. When, for instance, he is told that his daughter Jessica has run off with a Christian to be married, he seems more concerned about his money:

My daughter! O my ducats! O my daughter!
Fled with a Christian! O my Christian ducats! (2.8.15-16). 

Another reason that Antonio and Shylock are at ends with one another is that they play opposing roles. Shylock is the villain, the obstacle to love, while Antonio aids his friend Bassanio in romance; his love for Bassanio follows the Renaissance concept of friendship, a concept which overrides even romantic love. For, Antonio is willing to lose his life by giving up a pound of flesh so that his friend can marry Portia. But, Shylock is greedy and vindictive; he demands his pound of flesh because he hates Antonio.

More than a lodged hat and a certain loathing
I bear Antonio, that I follow thus
A losing suit against him. (4.1.60-63)

So strong is this hatred against Antonio that Shylock refuses payment, even three times the amount.

What are characteristics and/or functions of fast and slow twitch muscle fibers?

Many differences exist when looking at the characteristics and functions of both slow and fast twitch skeletal muscle fibers. Classically, muscle fibers are broken into four subtypes. Slow twitch fibers, and three unique types of fast twitch fibers, known as fast fatigue resistant, fast fatiguable, and fast intermediate, respectively. 

Slow twitch muscle fibers show a number of characteristics different from the other fast twitch muscle fiber types. These muscle fibers are also known as type...

Many differences exist when looking at the characteristics and functions of both slow and fast twitch skeletal muscle fibers. Classically, muscle fibers are broken into four subtypes. Slow twitch fibers, and three unique types of fast twitch fibers, known as fast fatigue resistant, fast fatiguable, and fast intermediate, respectively. 

Slow twitch muscle fibers show a number of characteristics different from the other fast twitch muscle fiber types. These muscle fibers are also known as type I muscle fibers. Slow twitch muscle fibers will contract much more slowly than fast twitch, however, they also have a very high resistance to fatigue. This is because they contain a form of myosin that uses ATP very slowly, leading to slow contraction. These fibers contain more enzymes for oxidative pathways, but use less ATP than fast twitch fiber types. They function to play a role when contraction needs to be maintained over a long period of time, for example in maintaing posture. 

Fast twitch fibers, often also described as type II muscle fibers, contract much more quickly than slow twitch fibers. This is because fast twitch fibers make use of a different form of myosin that can use ATP rapidly, creating quick "fast" contraction of the fibers.

The first subtype of the fast twitch muscle fibers is the type IIA, or fast, fatigue resistant type. These fibers contain many mitochondria which can generate large numbers of ATP, allowing them to maintain fast contraction over a prolonged period of time. 

The second subtype of fast twitch muscle fibers is the type IIB, also known as fast fatiguable muscle fibers. These fibers also use up ATP rapidly to contract fast, but do not have the oxidative capacity (i.e. not as many mitochondria) to generate the ATP necessary to contract for long periods of time. Because of this, they rely on anaerobic glycolysis to generate the majority of their ATP. Due to this factor, these fiber types are activated for short durations at maximal intensities.

Finally, the final group of the fast twitch muscle fibers is known as the fast intermediate group. This group serves as a classification type for all the fast twitch fibers that do not traditionally fit under the definition of type IIA or type IIB fibers. These muscle fiber types contract fast, but do generate as much force as type IIB fibers, and cannot contract for as long as type IIA fibers.

Hope this helps!

In The Merchant Of Venice, what proper honour is given to Arragon to indicate that he is a prince?

The Prince is one of many suitors who came to Belmont to chance their luck at winning Portia's hand in marriage by choosing from three caskets: gold, silver and lead. In terms of her father's will, Portia must marry the one who chooses the right chest. She is not much impressed with the line of suitors but has no choice but to adhere to her father's wish if she wants to inherit his estate.

Portia expresses her disdain for the Prince by mentioning the following:

Ay, that's a colt indeed, for he doth nothing but
talk of his horse; and he makes it a great
appropriation to his own good parts, that he can
shoe him himself. I am much afeard my lady his
mother played false with a smith.

She and Nerissa refer to him as the Neapolitan Prince and Portia clearly believes that he is obsessed with his horse and he quite likes the idea that he can shoe the animal himself. She, however, affords him the proper honour as befits his title when he arrives to make his choice, in both the manner in which his entrance is announced and in her address. Firstly, there is a flourish of coronets and secondly, she refers to him by his title:

Behold, there stand the caskets, noble prince

She also refers to him as 'my lord' indicating her respect for his position.

The Prince refuses the lead casket since he is not prepared 'to give and hazard all he hath' and he, likewise, rejects the gold casket for he deems himself different from the multitude since the inscription reads 'Who chooseth me shall gain what many men desire.' He deems himself special and does not subscribe to the idea that he is so common as to fall for gold's glitter. 

He decides on the silver casket and is disappointed since he has made the wrong choice. The inscription reads:

Who chooseth me shall have as much as he deserves.

The Prince is then confronted by a fool's head when he opens the casket. To add insult to injury, the inscription calls him a fool who arrived with one fool's head but who will now leave with two. The Prince, obviously upset, leaves immediately with his train of servants and followers in tow. 

Given a bar magnet, how will you find the west direction?

A bar magnet can be used to create a compass in order to find the west direction.

A compass is an instrument that is used to find direction. A compass is created by placing a lightweight magnet on a nearly frictionless pivot point. The magnet is generally called a needle. One end of the needle is often marked "N," for north, or colored in some way to indicate that it points toward north. West...

A bar magnet can be used to create a compass in order to find the west direction.

A compass is an instrument that is used to find direction. A compass is created by placing a lightweight magnet on a nearly frictionless pivot point. The magnet is generally called a needle. One end of the needle is often marked "N," for north, or colored in some way to indicate that it points toward north. West would be the direction that is perpendicular and to the left of the North needle.

 A compass works because Earth is thought to have a gigantic bar magnet buried inside. Opposite poles of a magnet attract to one another; much like opposite charges of an atom attract to one another. Therefore, in order for the north end of the compass to point toward the North Pole, it is thought that Earth's buried bar magnet has its south end at the North Pole.

Earth's core of molten iron is thought to contribute to the magnetism of Earth. Convection caused by heat that radiates from the Earth's core, along with the rotation of the Earth, causes the liquid iron to move in a rotational pattern. It is believed that these rotational forces in the liquid iron layer lead to weak magnetic forces.

What are the themes in Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales?

Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales include so many characters and stories that it is difficult to narrow the entire work down to just a couple of themes—you could probably assign a different theme to every character and every character's tale, which would leave the reader with about 50 different themes.

It is, however, possible to broaden the scope a bit and consider two very general central messages that Chaucer is working to get across.

If we look at characters like the Pardoner, Summoner, Friar, and Monk, we have to consider Chaucer's theme to be satirical—he is criticizing the abuse of power, particularly as it pertains to the church. He says of the greedy Pardoner:

But best of all he sang an Offertory,

For well he knew that when that song was sung

He'd have to preach and tune his honey-tongue

An (well he could) win silver from the crowd.

We could state such a theme this way: People who are granted power over the helpless or less fortunate are sometimes liable to abuse that power, to the detriment of those they are supposed to serve.

Chaucer does not focus only on such corrupt characters. He also lovingly characterizes the Parson:

He was a shepherd and no mercenary.

Holy and virtuous he was, but then

Never contemptuous of sinful men,

Never disdainful, never too proud or fine,

But was discreet in teaching and benign.

The Parson treats his “sheep” as a parson should; he does not try to take advantage of them. He is even kind and patient with sinners.

His brother, the Plowman, is similarly good:

He would help the poor

for love of Christ and never take a penny

If he could help it,

The Parson and the Plowman exemplify the following theme:

Those who truly live according to God's will do good for those who need it most.

These are not the only possible themes in The Canterbury Tales. There are others, based on what Chaucer wrote about the different characters. There are also multiple ways of stating the themes I have given above. As long as your theme makes a statement about human nature that can be supported with evidence from the text, it should be a good one.

What is the difference between the template and coding strands of DNA?

Both the coding strand and the template strand of DNA are important in the synthesis of proteins within cells. It is important, however, to be able to distinguish between the two, as DNA is double stranded. The template strand of DNA is generally defined as the strand of the DNA that is copied directly for the synthesis of mRNA.

This differs from the coding strand, which is identical in sequence, to the later mRNA...

Both the coding strand and the template strand of DNA are important in the synthesis of proteins within cells. It is important, however, to be able to distinguish between the two, as DNA is double stranded. The template strand of DNA is generally defined as the strand of the DNA that is copied directly for the synthesis of mRNA.

This differs from the coding strand, which is identical in sequence, to the later mRNA generated by the template strand, with the exception that the generated mRNA contains uracil, while the coding strand of DNA contains thymine at these locations instead. 

Following the separation of these two strands of DNA, an RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of the template strand, and begins to synthesize a corresponding mRNA strand. Once this mRNA strand is synthesized from the template strand, it can then be used immediately, or altered, and then used to start forming proteins. Hope this helps! 

What are the pros and cons of using DNA evidence in court?

I will assume you are referring to crime scene testing in criminal cases. DNA samples taken from the scene of a murder, rape or other crime can be used to confirm the identity of the perpetrator through comparisons with DNA taken from the suspects. It can also rule out suspects whose samples do not match. 

DNA analysis is highly accurate. Even very small quantities can be copied multiple times in a procedure called PCR (Polymerase...

I will assume you are referring to crime scene testing in criminal cases. DNA samples taken from the scene of a murder, rape or other crime can be used to confirm the identity of the perpetrator through comparisons with DNA taken from the suspects. It can also rule out suspects whose samples do not match. 

DNA analysis is highly accurate. Even very small quantities can be copied multiple times in a procedure called PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) so that there is enough to analyze. When the samples are run through gel electrophoresis, banding patterns can be verified with over a 99% accuracy rate, generally assuring that only one in many millions of people would match.

There are rigorous rules to ensure the sample is not contaminated. Samples must be sealed and the chain of custody must be documented. Because it narrows down suspects with such a high degree of accuracy and can be gathered from so many bodily sources, there are mostly pros associated with DNA evidence. Cons would mostly come into play with mishandling of samples. There can be issues if a person tested has recently received a blood transfusion, but if this is known, corrections can be made to account for the foreign DNA.

What is the effect of Scrooges fiancée referring to money as a golden idol in "A Christmas Carol"?

Belle’s discussion of Scrooge’s love for money serves to explain how he ended up lonely and miserly.

In some ways, we have more sympathy for Scrooge as a result of learning that his fiancé dumped him.  She told him that he cared more about money than he did for her.

“ … Another idol has displaced me; and if it can cheer and comfort you in time to come, as I would have tried to do, I have no just cause to grieve.” (Stave 2)

However, she has a point.  Scrooge tells her that the world is hard on people who want to be rich, but harder on those who are poor.  Still, it is clear that Scrooge was deeply affected by the fact that Belle dumped him.  In fact, it is probably one of the reasons that he was pretty much alone for the rest of his life.

We know this because of Scrooge’s reaction to seeing Belle, both when she dumped him and as an older woman.  When he sees Belle dumping his younger self, he asks the Ghost of Christmas Past, “Why do you delight to torture me?”  However, his reaction to seeing her later, on the day Marley died, is even stronger.

“Remove me!” Scrooge exclaimed, “I cannot bear it!”

He turned upon the Ghost, and seeing that it looked upon him with a face, in which in some strange way there were fragments of all the faces it had shown him, wrestled with it. (Stave 2)

It is almost as if seeing this scene reminded Scrooge of all he has lost.  That was the night he lost his partner, and the ghost chose that night to show him Belle’s future.  Belle was not alone.  She had a husband and a brood of children.  She was happy.  Scrooge, as he was reminded, had no one.  The one person he did have died that night, and he spent the night working.

These scenes do create some sympathy for Scrooge in the mind of the reader.  After all, he was not always a lonely old miser.  We learn that he had his heart broken.  However, he had already started down his current path at the time Belle dumped him.  His pursuit of wealth against all odds is why she dumped him.

From Thomas Cahill's book, The Gift of the Jews, why has the Babylonian Exile been so significant in Jewish religious history?

Until the time of the Babylonian exile, Jewish religion dictated that worship had to center around the Temple in Jerusalem.  One of the most important aspects of their worship involved animal sacrifices, which could only be performed at the Temple.  When the Babylonians expelled the Jews from Jerusalem, they also destroyed the Temple.  The scattered exiles had to change their traditional worship forms in order to maintain their religious identity.  Some of the major changes...

Until the time of the Babylonian exile, Jewish religion dictated that worship had to center around the Temple in Jerusalem.  One of the most important aspects of their worship involved animal sacrifices, which could only be performed at the Temple.  When the Babylonians expelled the Jews from Jerusalem, they also destroyed the Temple.  The scattered exiles had to change their traditional worship forms in order to maintain their religious identity.  Some of the major changes included the rise of synagogues for worship, a shift to a study of the Torah, and a rise of a clergy class of rabbi to lead worship in diverse locations.  

The destruction of the Temple can not be over-emphasized in Jewish religious history.  The first temple, built by Solomon, was destroyed by these Babylonian invaders led by Nebuchadnezzar around 586 B.C.  A second Temple was dedicated in 515 B.C. but was added upon and expanded until officially recognized in 20 B.C.  This second Temple was destroyed by the Romans in the year 66.  The Jewish Temple in Jerusalem has not been rebuilt since two Muslim shrines now stand on the Temple Mount.  These events are significant because of the strong belief in Jewish faith that the re-building of the Temple is still critical to their continued effective reverence for Jehovah God.

What are the themes in The Butcher Boy?

The Butcher Boyby Patrick McCabe deals largely with the theme of identity crisis. While this crisis is realized outright in the character of Francie, McCabe is attempting to draw a parallel to the issue with identity that Ireland as a nation is facing. Ireland finds itself a neocolonial state, subject to the British Empire. As it has been subjugated through the use of cultural and economic hegemony rather than direct military occupation, it has...

The Butcher Boy by Patrick McCabe deals largely with the theme of identity crisis. While this crisis is realized outright in the character of Francie, McCabe is attempting to draw a parallel to the issue with identity that Ireland as a nation is facing. Ireland finds itself a neocolonial state, subject to the British Empire. As it has been subjugated through the use of cultural and economic hegemony rather than direct military occupation, it has in many way become unclear exactly what Ireland is, and what the national identity of an Irishman truly entails. In response to this struggle, the 1960's saw the emergence of various anarchistic collectives acting as anti-colonial forces. Ultimately, this caused an even deeper schism in Irish national identity as the role of conformity in a thoroughly unbalanced state was called into question. This theme of clashing identities is played out in the novel through the highly dysfunctional interpersonal relationships that dominate the lives of the characters.

What caused Bud to become so frightened that he locked Mr. Lewis out of his own car and tried to ride off?

In Chapter 10, Lefty Lewis pulls his car over after he sees Bud walking on the side of the road. Lefty gives Bud a drink of red pop and asks Bud where he lives. Bud lies and tells Mr. Lewis that he lives in Grand Rapids. Lefty tells Bud that he is also from Grand Rapids and walks Bud over to the passenger side of the car after Bud grabs his suitcase. Mr. Lewis moves...

In Chapter 10, Lefty Lewis pulls his car over after he sees Bud walking on the side of the road. Lefty gives Bud a drink of red pop and asks Bud where he lives. Bud lies and tells Mr. Lewis that he lives in Grand Rapids. Lefty tells Bud that he is also from Grand Rapids and walks Bud over to the passenger side of the car after Bud grabs his suitcase. Mr. Lewis moves a box that is sitting in the front seat so Bud can sit down. Bud notices that the box says, "URGENT: CONTAINS HUMAN BLOOD" (Curtis 106). Bud's wild imagination takes over, and he immediately believes that Lefty Lewis is a vampire. When Lefty lets go of Bud's arm, Bud slams and locks both doors so Lefty cannot get in. Bud attempts to drive away but is too short to reach the gas pedal and does not know how to operate a vehicle. Bud clumsily yanks down on the gear lever and the car takes off. Bud doesn't make it far before the car stops and turns off. Mr. Lewis then convinces Bud that he is not a vampire and Bud unlocks the door and rides back to Flint with him.

What divided Eastern and Western Europe after World War II?

In the years immediately following World War II (and really the last days of the war itself in Europe) Western and Eastern Europe became divided because the Soviet Union occupied the countries of Eastern Europe after driving out the occupying German army. The Soviets, under Josef Stalin, established Soviet-style communist governments in these countries, which included Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania. Meanwhile Marshal Tito, a leader in the resistance movement in Yugoslavia during the...

In the years immediately following World War II (and really the last days of the war itself in Europe) Western and Eastern Europe became divided because the Soviet Union occupied the countries of Eastern Europe after driving out the occupying German army. The Soviets, under Josef Stalin, established Soviet-style communist governments in these countries, which included Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania. Meanwhile Marshal Tito, a leader in the resistance movement in Yugoslavia during the war, established a socialist state in that nation independent of the USSR. The division of Europe was most tangible in Germany, which was divided between the Soviet-dominated East and the Anglo-American-dominated West. Berlin, the capital of Germany, was similarly divided though it lay entirely within East Germany. So it was the establishment of communist states, viewed by the USSR as a necessary buffer zone and by the Americans as the establishment of an "iron curtain", that led to the division of Europe after the war.

What are hyphae? |

Hyphae are the thread-like structures of a fungal mycelium that form a network of feeding structures to help nourish and feed the fungus.  In a puffball mushroom, for example, there are tightly-packed hyphae in the stalk of the mushroom body, and loosely-packed hyphae in the ground surrounding the mushroom body.  The network of hyphae secure important water and nutrients for the fungal body.  It works opposite the way our digestive system works, where we ingest...

Hyphae are the thread-like structures of a fungal mycelium that form a network of feeding structures to help nourish and feed the fungus.  In a puffball mushroom, for example, there are tightly-packed hyphae in the stalk of the mushroom body, and loosely-packed hyphae in the ground surrounding the mushroom body.  The network of hyphae secure important water and nutrients for the fungal body.  It works opposite the way our digestive system works, where we ingest food, then break it down through a series of mechanical and chemical steps.  The fungus sinks the hyphae into the food source, then emits digestive enzymes into the food source.  When the food has been chemically digested, it is absorbed by the hyphae and fed to the body of the fungus.  Hyphae function as digestive structures that supply the fungus with water and nutrition.

If 2.07 grams of aluminum react with excess CuSO4, what is the theoretical yield of Cu? 2Al + 3CuSO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3Cu

The very first thing to solve such numerical is to write a well-balanced chemical equation for the given reaction. In this case, aluminum reacts with copper sulfate, and undergoes displacement reaction, to produce aluminum sulfate and copper. The well-balanced equation is already provided by you as:

`2 Al + 3CuSO_4 -> Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3Cu`

It is balanced, because the number of atoms of each element are same on both sides of the chemical reaction.

Now,...

The very first thing to solve such numerical is to write a well-balanced chemical equation for the given reaction. In this case, aluminum reacts with copper sulfate, and undergoes displacement reaction, to produce aluminum sulfate and copper. The well-balanced equation is already provided by you as:

`2 Al + 3CuSO_4 -> Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3Cu`

It is balanced, because the number of atoms of each element are same on both sides of the chemical reaction.

Now, we can use soichiometry to determine the theoretical yield of copper. From this equation, 2 moles of aluminum form 3 moles of copper.

Here, we have 2.07 g of aluminum. The molar masses of aluminum and copper are 27 g/mol and 63.5 g/mol, respectively. 

Using unitary method,

2 mole aluminum produces 3 mole copper

or, 1 mole aluminum produces 3/2 moles of copper

or, 2.07/27 moles of aluminum produces 3/2 x 2.07/27 moles of copper

= 0.115 mole copper = 0.115 x 63.5 g copper = 7.30 g copper.

Hope this helps.

How do Macbeth's imagination and conscience both seem overly active in Act 2 Scene 1?

The soliloquy with which Macbeth ends this scene provides evidence of both his overactive imagination and his overactive -- and guilty -- conscience.  On stage alone, he hallucinates a dagger which he says appears before him, the "handle toward [his] hand" (2.1.45).  He tries to grab it and cannot, so both he and we know it to be fantastic only.

Macbeth says that what he sees is "A dagger of the mind, a false creation...

The soliloquy with which Macbeth ends this scene provides evidence of both his overactive imagination and his overactive -- and guilty -- conscience.  On stage alone, he hallucinates a dagger which he says appears before him, the "handle toward [his] hand" (2.1.45).  He tries to grab it and cannot, so both he and we know it to be fantastic only.

Macbeth says that what he sees is "A dagger of the mind, a false creation / Proceeding from the heat-oppressed brain" (2.1.50-51).  He is so tense and edgy because of he and his wife's plan to murder Duncan that night, and his imagination has thus produced a hallucination that conveys Macbeth's jitters as well as the reason for them (they plan to use daggers to kill the king).  Suddenly, the dagger appears to be covered in "gouts of blood" (2.1.58), further connecting it to Macbeth's jumpiness and guilt for the act he is about to commit.  

He has already tried to back out of the plan once, but he was compelled by his wife to recommit.  We know that he loves Duncan, that he feels a sense of obligation to his guest and king, and that he is sensible of the honor Duncan has paid him by making him Thane of Cawdor.  For all these reasons, he feels guilty, and so his guilty conscience is compounded by his imagination, prompting this hallucination and its gory transformation.  He says, himself, "There's no such thing. / It is the bloody business which informs / Thus to mine eyes" (2.1.59-61).  In other words, it is only his imagination and guilt over the "bloody business" he's about to do that makes him see the dagger.

His overactive imagination is on further display in the lines that follow:

Witchcraft celebrates
Pale Hecate's off'rings, and withered murder,
Alarumed by his sentinel, the wolf,
Whose howl's his watch, thus with his stealthy pace, 
With Tarquin's ravishing strides, towards his
   design
Moves like a ghost.  (2.1.63-69)

He imagines that witches are abroad, making their sacrifices to Hecate (the goddess of witchcraft).  Further, he personifies murder as being awoken by the wolf's howl, stealthily stealing across the land, like Tarquin (a Roman famous for his rape of Lucrece), in order to ravish some unsuspecting victim.  He then instructs the ground not to "Hear [his] steps [...] for fear / Thy very stones prate of my whereabouts" (2.1.70-71).  All of this figurative language -- the personification of murder, the allusion to Tarquin, the personification of the ground by insisting that it has the ability to hear Macbeth's steps and reveal his guilt -- is very imaginative and shows readers just how overactive his imagination and conscience are at this moment.

What is the importance of social class in Pride and Prejudice? Are there types of social class?

Social class is highly important in Pride and Prejudice, as it was in the society Austen was depicting. English society in the early 19th century was hierarchical, rather than equalitarian, meaning people's place in society was determined by who their parents were. Strict rules of etiquette governed interactions between individuals of different social classes. For example, nobody of a lower social class was supposed to introduce themselves to someone of a higher class unless spoken to first, which is why it is embarrassing when Mr. Collins introduces himself to Mr. Darcy.

At the top of the hierarchy were royalty and below them the landed aristocrats. Mr. Darcy was a landed aristocrat: he had inherited a vast estate from his father and rented out most of the land, then lived on the rents. The chief mark of a gentleman was not having to work for a living. Mr. Darcy was at the top of the social hierarchy in Pride and Prejudice. Lady Catherine, Mr. Collins's patroness, was also a landed aristocrat.

The Bingleys represented a new kind of wealth rising in England. We are told Mr. Bingley's father was a tradesman who made a fortune in the north. Most likely, he owned a cotton mill and was part of the industrial revolution that was rapidly raising England to the premier world power. But because he worked for a living, no matter how wealthy he was, he ranked below a leisured gentleman like Darcy. However, he had the money to set up his son, Mr. Bingley, as a gentleman of leisure with a large allowance, and his daughters as ladies. We can understand some of Miss Bingley's urgent desire to marry Mr. Darcy if we see it as a way of helping her family climb into the aristocracy: no matter how wealthy they were, they were stained by coming from trade. 

The Bennets were landed gentry: they had an estate big enough to take guests hunting, and they derived a comfortable living from the rents on the estate, but they were not wealthy aristocrats with titles: they were not lords and ladies. Therefore, they ranked below people like Darcy and Lady Catherine on the social scale.

Clergymen like Mr. Collins were considered gentlemen and included in the upper classes: as we see, Mr. Collins spends much time visiting Lady Catherine. But because they did not have landed wealth, they were lower on the social scale than a lord or lady.

We see much jockeying for social position in Pride and Prejudice. Lady Catherine, for example, is furious at the idea that Elizabeth would dare to think she could marry Mr. Darcy.

In the story, "The Open Window," Mrs Sappleton begins to talk about her husband and her brothers. Then Framton thinks it was "an unfortunate...

It seems to Framton Nuttel to be a coincidence that he happens to be paying a visit to the Sappletons on an anniversary of the deaths of Mrs. Sappleton's husband and two brothers. Framton feels it is unfortunate because he is a perfect stranger and is imposing on her at a time when she must be remembering the tragic event because of its being an anniversary. According to Vera's story, her aunt has been expecting...

It seems to Framton Nuttel to be a coincidence that he happens to be paying a visit to the Sappletons on an anniversary of the deaths of Mrs. Sappleton's husband and two brothers. Framton feels it is unfortunate because he is a perfect stranger and is imposing on her at a time when she must be remembering the tragic event because of its being an anniversary. According to Vera's story, her aunt has been expecting the three hunters to return for tea every evening for the past three years. Framton feels like an intruder. This is what is unfortunate for him. It is also unfortunate for Mrs. Sappleton because she is compelled as a hostess to give him some of her attention when she would obviously prefer to keep looking out the open window for the return of her husband and brothers.

...he was conscious that his hostess was giving him only a fragment of her attention, and her eyes were constantly straying past him to the open window and the lawn beyond. 

According to Vera, her aunt leaves the tall window open every night until late. Vera knows that her aunt will say the same things tonight as she does every other night. There really is no coincidence. It is not an anniversary of the men's disappearance because they have only been gone for one afternoon. Vera colors her story by making this the third anniversary of their "disappearance" because it may seem somewhat more likely that they should return from the dead on an anniversary of their deaths than at some other arbitrary time. Saki has his character Framton Nuttel reflect that it is an "unfortunate coincidence" that he should be there on the third anniversary because he wants the reader to see that the falsehood has made an impression on the nervous visitor. The men's apparent resurrection on the third anniversary of their deaths is just one more factor that makes it seem plausible--both to Framton and to the reader. If men are to return from the dead, wouldn't they do so on some significant occasion such as an anniversary? Vera must think so; otherwise she would not have made up that detail.

Given the theme of the story,"The Masque of Red Death", what does the resolution of that conflict communicate about Poe's beliefs?

Poe primarily believed in the inevitability in life the law of of cause and effect - that nothing done could ever be escaped.

Poe delved most deeply into the human psyche, but he also was a sharp critic of society at large, and its many foibles.

The theme of "The Mask of Red Death" could be said to be a broadly social theme - that is, he paints and unflinching picture of the uncaring aspect...

Poe primarily believed in the inevitability in life the law of of cause and effect - that nothing done could ever be escaped.

Poe delved most deeply into the human psyche, but he also was a sharp critic of society at large, and its many foibles.

The theme of "The Mask of Red Death" could be said to be a broadly social theme - that is, he paints and unflinching picture of the uncaring aspect of 'higher' society, the great gap between the entitled and poor.

Poe himself, as a forever struggling writer who's goal in life was to be a gentleman writer, successful on a large scale, had a personal axe to grind with the upper classes. In the story, Prospero (an ironic name, prosperous, given his end) takes great precautions to protect his noble abbey from any hint of intrusion or infection from the outside plague. Those precautions fall away when the guest at the masquerade, Red Death, appears, soon infecting everyone there.

Poe believed in the inevitability of a universal justice - however terribly it came - by the hand of Montresor in "A Cask of Amontillado," by the dissolution of "The House of Usher," and here, by the plague infecting all the 'special' people who thought themselves safe. 

Poe ultimately believed that no one was ever safe in this world and universe from what they themselves had done.

How are women "dangerous" in Of Mice and Men?

John Steinbeck's novella Of Mice and Men, women are "dangerous" because they distract men from their purposes and act as temptresses who cause conflict.

It is interesting that in Steinbeck's narrative there is only one female, other than the mention of the girl in Weed who was the reason for George and Lennie's having to leave a job and "the working girls" in town, who George says take men's money from them. This single female has no name, only the genitive of her husband: "Curley's wife." Trouble brews around her before she is even seen as her jealous husband has "ants in his pants" because he is worried about what she does when he is not with her.

For Steinbeck, in the fraternity of men, a communion which would allow them to have strength and unity, women are Eves, temptresses who disrupt this fraternity. The first time Curley's wife appears. She stands in the doorway of the bunkhouse, leaning against the doorway so that her body is thrown forward in a provocative pose. When Lennie watches her in fascination, she "smiled archly and twitched her body." After she leaves, George scolds Lennie, telling him to stay away from Curley's wife because she is "jail bait."

Further in the narrative, when George is away in town with the other men, Lennie wanders into the barn to find his puppy, but he also meets Crooks, the black stable mate. Then, old Candy comes in, also. When Candy mentions the plans that George, Lennie, and he have for a place of their own, Crooks, who has been so marginalized that he is made to live in the barn, asks if he could join in with them. Afterwards, there is a sense of camaraderie and fraternity is established among them. However, they are soon interrupted by Curley's wife, who even notices the strength men have together:

"Funny thing," she said. "If I catch any one man, and he's alone, I get along fine with him. But just let two of the guys get together an' you won't talk. Just nothing but mad." She dropped her fingers and put her hands on her hips. "You're all scared of each other, that's what. Ever'one of you's scared the rest is goin' to get something on you."

When Crooks tries to get her to leave, she refuses. Then, Candy starts talking, telling her about the plans he and others have, ending by saying they are not worried about being fired because they have their own land "and it's ours, an' we c'n go to it." Hearing this, Curley's wife laughs and ridicules their idea, saying she knows their type and they never save any money. In another effort to be rid of her, Candy tells her that Curley will not like his wife in the barn with such bindle stiffs as he, Lennie, and Crooks. Curley's wife turns on them, especially Crooks, whom she threatens with having "strung up on a tree." But, she leaves and goes to another part of the barn. Unfortunately, Lennie comes upon her and she talks with him, then she lets him pet her hair. But, when the Herculean Lennie holds it too tightly, she complains. Frightened, Lennie tries to keep her from screaming and inadvertently breaks her neck.

With the death of Curley's wife, comes the death of the dream of Lennie and George. Candy stands over her, hating her for having destroyed their plans for a little farm of their own. He curses her:

"You God damn tramp," he said viciously. "You done it, di'n't you? I s'pose you're you're glad. ever'body knowed you'd mess things up. You wasn't no good. You ain't no good now, you lousy tart....I could of hoed in the garden and washed dishes for them guys."

After this, Lennie has to hide and George feels he must shoot Lennie to prevent him from being shot or hanged. Their dream is ruined because of this dangerous woman.

Explain the theme of "appearance versus reality" in "The Most Dangerous Game". Find two examples from the story to illustrate the theme.

Richard Connel's short story "The Most Dangerous Game" is about a big game hunter who has the tables turned on him as he becomes the prey in a deadly contest on a remote island.

Sanger Rainsford accidentally falls from a yacht and swims to an island where he comes upon the "palatial chateau" of General Zaroff. Zaroff lives in splendor. His house features every comfort including a "canopied bed," clothes from a "London tailor," a...

Richard Connel's short story "The Most Dangerous Game" is about a big game hunter who has the tables turned on him as he becomes the prey in a deadly contest on a remote island.

Sanger Rainsford accidentally falls from a yacht and swims to an island where he comes upon the "palatial chateau" of General Zaroff. Zaroff lives in splendor. His house features every comfort including a "canopied bed," clothes from a "London tailor," a "baronial hall," "linen," "crystal" and much more. Zaroff comments:

"We do our best to preserve the amenities of civilization here. Please forgive any lapses. We are well off the beaten track, you know. Do you think the champagne has suffered from its long ocean trip?" 

The general's observation, of course, is ironic. The appearance is of "civilization" but what Zaroff is doing on the island is quite savage. In reality, he may live in luxury, but he is a barbarian who get his kicks by hunting and killing men.

Another example of appearance defying reality is at the end of the story when the general is shown reading a book by the Roman emperor and philosopher Marcus Aurelius:

In his library he read, to soothe himself, from the works of Marcus Aurelius. 

Aurelius's stoicism preached virtue and ethical behavior. It is highly ironic that the sociopath Zaroff would be reading works of philosophy which were far removed from his own reprehensible behavior. 

Phillip assumes that his father is looking for him, but what doesn't he understand?

In The Cay by Theodore Taylor, Phillip, Timothy, and Stew Cat become stranded on a small island after the ship they were on is torpedoed. Phillip assumes his father, who is still living on Curacao, will leave no stone unturned to find him. Phillip expects his father to show up at any minute to rescue him. What Phillip does not understand is that the island, or cay, where he and Timothy have landed is so...

In The Cay by Theodore Taylor, Phillip, Timothy, and Stew Cat become stranded on a small island after the ship they were on is torpedoed. Phillip assumes his father, who is still living on Curacao, will leave no stone unturned to find him. Phillip expects his father to show up at any minute to rescue him. What Phillip does not understand is that the island, or cay, where he and Timothy have landed is so small that it does not even have a name. It is also hidden back in what Timothy calls the Devil's Mouth and is very difficult to find. Of course Phillip's father is looking for him, but considering the torpedoed ship and everything surrounding the situation, most people think that Phillip is dead. When Phillip is finally rescued, he is given this information.

"There was still disbelief in his voice when he said he'd checked all the charts and publications on the bridge; our cay was so small that the charts wouldn't even dignify it with a name. But Timothy had been right. It was tucked back up in the Devil's Mouth" (Taylor 134).

What were some criminal activities Puck (Robin) did in A Midsummer Night's Dream?

Puck engages in all manners of mischief in A Midsummer Night’s Dream: he drugs teenagers, he transfigures unsuspecting weavers, he proves himself adept at covert surveillance, trespassing, unauthorized gardening, impersonating an Athenian (twice) and that’s just what we see. He also confesses to ruining cooking projects, attacking old women, teasing horses, and deliberately getting people lost. Some people file all this under tricksterish good fun, but some people see something darker. The Polish critic...

Puck engages in all manners of mischief in A Midsummer Night’s Dream: he drugs teenagers, he transfigures unsuspecting weavers, he proves himself adept at covert surveillance, trespassing, unauthorized gardening, impersonating an Athenian (twice) and that’s just what we see. He also confesses to ruining cooking projects, attacking old women, teasing horses, and deliberately getting people lost. Some people file all this under tricksterish good fun, but some people see something darker. The Polish critic Jan Kott thought Puck reminded him of the scary, secretive practices of KGB agents at the height of the Cold War, and some productions make Puck a very sinister figure. On the other hand, because he is a fairy, he’s not subject to the same laws as the rest of us, so it’s hard to call his behavior truly criminal. All’s fair in love and ass heads.

Compare and contrast the traditional cell theory with the modern cell theory.

As technology began to advance during the Renaissance, scientists' ability to look more closely at living organisms brought us classical cell theory. By 1855, the three basic parts were in place. They are that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and that all cells are produced from other cells.

There were several major advances that changed in the three centuries leading...

As technology began to advance during the Renaissance, scientists' ability to look more closely at living organisms brought us classical cell theory. By 1855, the three basic parts were in place. They are that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and that all cells are produced from other cells.

There were several major advances that changed in the three centuries leading up to this. In 1663, Robert Hooke observed small, boxlike structures when he looked at cork under an early compound microscope. He did not know their structure or function, and as he was looking at dead, dried samples did not see any organelles. Anton von Leewenhoek observed living, unicellular organisms in 1674. In the 1850s Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow added that animals and plants are made of cells, and that cells arise from other living cells.

Modern cell theory builds on the previous three components; it does not eliminate any of the earlier information. Modern cell theory adds that energy flows within cells, hereditary information is passed on from cell to cell, and that all cells have the same basic chemical composition. Major advances in technology in chemical analysis, DNA technology and microscopy have added to our information about cells.

How to calculate monthly return on Shiller's "Long Interest Rate GS10" (1871-2016)? I hope someone out there can help with some formulas and excel...

Your intuition is correct; the monthly return is essentially what you'd get each month if every month you cashed out and then bought back in. In fact, most people consider the yield-to-maturity a better measure of return than monthly return, but you said you wanted monthly return, so here goes.

For example, if the price for the same asset went up from $50 to $100 in the first month, that would be a 100% monthly return. Then if it went back down to $75, that would be a -25% monthly return. (Notice that if you use percentages, you can't simply average monthly returns to get the overall return. In this case the overall return is 50%, or 22% per month. If you used log points, you could average them---this is why in my humble opinion returns should be measured in log (logarithm) points.)

The key here is to understand what the yield-to-maturity actually means.

Yield to maturity is the discount rate at which the sum of all future cash flows from the bond is equal to the price of the bond.

For instance, suppose we have a zero-coupon bond that pays $100 at maturity, which is 12 months from now. Initially it's priced at $90; this means that we have a discount rate such that $90 today is exactly as good as $100 in 12 months. Thus our annual discount rate is 10%---this is our yield to maturity. Now in the following month suppose the price rises to $91. This now means our discount rate must be such that $91 today is worth $100 in 11 months. Our yield to maturity must therefore be 1 - (91/100)^(11/12) = 8.3%.

Since you're given the yield-to-maturity and you want the price, you have to do this backwards, solving for the current price P where P_0 is the nominal value of the payment at maturity ($100 in my example) and n is the number of months remaining until maturity:

YTM = 1 - (P/P_0)^(n/12)

(1 - YTM)^(12/n) = P/P_0

You may not know P_0, but that's okay; just make one up, because you're actually interested in the relative return. You'll be dividing out P_0 anyway.

I've been assuming a zero-coupon bond. If there are coupon payments, you have a much trickier problem, because you also discount the future coupon payments:

P = sum C_0 + C_1 / (1+YTM)^(1/12) + C_2 / (1+YTM)^(2/12) + ... + P_0 / (1+YTM)^(n/12)

In the poem, “Dulce et Decorum Est", how does the author depict the brutal realities of war?

The horrors and brutality of war are shown in “Dulce et Decorum Est” through Wilfred Owen’s descriptions of the physical and psychological effects of war on the soldier. In the first stanza, Owen describes the physical hardships of war when he writes, “Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge.” The soldiers’ clothing is torn and tattered like beggars, and they are sick with pneumonia or other...

The horrors and brutality of war are shown in “Dulce et Decorum Est” through Wilfred Owen’s descriptions of the physical and psychological effects of war on the soldier. In the first stanza, Owen describes the physical hardships of war when he writes, “Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge.” The soldiers’ clothing is torn and tattered like beggars, and they are sick with pneumonia or other respiratory ailments as they march through the plains of mud on the battlefield.  In addition, they are lame, marching as if asleep and are “drunk with fatigue”.  The physical exhaustion caused by war shows that it is especially brutal on the body; they are metaphorically the walking dead. This bodily fatigue will also cause psychological problems for a soldier. 

In stanza two, we see the panic of the soldiers as mustard gas bombs explode around them, and they barely have time to grab their gas masks before they will die from the gas.  The fear of dying is ever present on a soldier, and that fear causes psychological problems like shell shock in WWI (today it is called PTSD).   In stanza three, the psychological effects of loading dead bodies of your friends and fellow soldiers into a cart to take them away are seen.  Owen describes the dead soldier’s face as obscene and ghastly.  The psychological effect of burying the dead and seeing your friends die around you also shows the brutality of war. 

Through descriptions, Owen shows the realities of war and how it affects all who fight.  War not only affects a soldier physically but psychologically as well. Innocent young men who go off to war will come back very different because of the physical and psychological strains of fighting, killing, and surviving war.

How did the Industrial Revolution play a part in A Christmas Carol?

The Industrial Revolution acts as a back-drop for the story and helps to craft some of the characters that Scrooge has financial power to help or hurt.

Our own study guide says:

In the mid-nineteenth century, London was a crowded, dirty place, a fact that no one did more to publicize than Dickens himself. Industries were not regulated, and widespread pollution and exploitation of the work force resulted. Laborers, many of them children, were...

The Industrial Revolution acts as a back-drop for the story and helps to craft some of the characters that Scrooge has financial power to help or hurt.

Our own study guide says:

In the mid-nineteenth century, London was a crowded, dirty place, a fact that no one did more to publicize than Dickens himself. Industries were not regulated, and widespread pollution and exploitation of the work force resulted. Laborers, many of them children, were required to work fourteen-hour days in order to help their families pay bills; if a family was unable to make ends meet, they might end up in Debtor's Prison—as Dickens' family did when he was twelve. (A Christmas Carol Analysis)

In Stave One we see characters who are responding directly to the circumstances that are described above. There are two men from a charity that ask Scrooge for donations and he replies by asking them, "are there no prisons?" referring to the debtors' prisons people went to when they could not pay their bills. He feels people who are poor are also "idle," and this is simply not the case. In this stave we also meet Bob Cratchit who, although he is not laboring away in a factory somewhere, does work long hours for Mr. Scrooge, in a very cold office he is not allowed to heat, where he is underpaid and made to feel guilty for asking for time off for Christmas. This employer/employee relationship represents the unfair working conditions of many people during the Industrial Revolution, where they had to work a lot in order to barely make ends meet or not meet at all. They often had employers who did not care and simply viewed them as another number, just as Scrooge views everyone he sees. 

Ultimately, Scrooge represents the cold, inhuman wealth of the Industrial Revolution, and those around him represent the victims of the industrial age. The Industrial Revolution was full of haves and have-nots, and Scrooge has the ability to make life easier for many, but at the beginning of the story he chooses not to do so because he values money over relationships.

What information does "the beggar" receive and give about the suitors and Odysseus?

When Odysseus returns to Ithaca, disguised as a beggar, he learns a great deal about the suitors by observing their behavior, especially their behavior toward him.  According to the rules of Greek hospitality, the suitors should be willing to share their food and drink generously, especially because it isn't even their own resources that they'd be sharing -- the goods actually belong to Odysseus and his family!  This is all the more reason they shouldn't...

When Odysseus returns to Ithaca, disguised as a beggar, he learns a great deal about the suitors by observing their behavior, especially their behavior toward him.  According to the rules of Greek hospitality, the suitors should be willing to share their food and drink generously, especially because it isn't even their own resources that they'd be sharing -- the goods actually belong to Odysseus and his family!  This is all the more reason they shouldn't be stingy.  However, Antinous calls him a "pest" and says that he is spoiling their feast before actually throwing a stool at him. The suitors also force him to fight another local beggar, Irus, and even a slave-maid of Penelope mocks him and treats him poorly.  He learns that these are really terrible, awful people who deserve no pity from him.

However, when Penelope hears that a poor man was struck in her home, she feels badly and asks for him to be brought to her so that she can ask him if he has any news of Odysseus.  When they meet that night, her descriptions of how she's been trying to delay the suitors and questions about Odysseus convince him of her continued loyalty and love.  Odysseus convinces her that he knows her husband and that he is on his way home and will be there soon with a great deal of treasure that he has collected in his travels.

How does the Ceremony of Twelve start and why is number Nineteen skipped in the assignments in The Giver?

The Ceremony of Twelve starts with a description of the class, and number Nineteen is skipped because Jonas has a special assignment.

The Ceremony of Twelve is the most important ceremony, and the last one.  After twelve, no one counts ages any more.  The children are well on their way to training to be adults.  The ceremony this year is different because Jonas’s number is skipped.  This causes him and the others discomfort, because they do not realize he has been chosen Receiver of Memory.

Jonas’s Ceremony of Twelve begins in an ordinary way.  The Chief Elder starts off by describing Jonas’s class of twelve-year-olds.

The speech was much the same each year: recollection of the time of childhood and the period of preparation, the coming responsibilities of adult life, the profound importance of Assignment, the seriousness of training to come. (Ch. 7)

After this introduction, the Chief Elder moves on to describing each child in number order.  The child’s personality is described, along with some brief history, and then the assignment is announced.  All proceeds normally until the elder moves from number Eighteen to number Twenty.

Jonas first assumes that he has done something wrong.  A child who does not complete volunteer hours is not given an assignment.  Jonas feels embarrassed and ashamed, and can barely concentrate for the rest of the ceremony as he is trying to decide what he did.

After all of the children other than Jonas have been given assignments, the Chief Elder finally explains what happened.  She apologizes for causing everyone confusion and apprehension, then tells them why Jonas was skipped.

"Jonas has not been assigned," she informed the crowd, and his heart sank.

Then she went on. "Jonas has been selected." (Ch. 8)

In a ceremony celebrating differences, the community acknowledges that Jonas is very different.  Standing out is never appreciated in the community, but Jonas has been given a special assignment.  As the Receiver of Memory, his position is one of great importance to the community.  It is an honor and very rare.

Jonas has no idea what he is getting into when he is chosen Receiver of Memory.  This position means that he will hold all of the community’s collective memories for generations back.  It will keep him apart from the others as he becomes one of the only people in the community to really understand what is going on there.

Why the drama?  Why skip Jonas at all?  The answer is that the community clearly wants to have everyone's complete attention for Jonas's announcement.  The position of Receiver of Memory is so important that they want to call attention to it, and to him.  It is an unusual move for a community dedicated to Sameness.  Jonas was definitely not expecting it.

How are books symbolized in Third Day?

In The Name of the Rose, Umberto Eco creates parallels between the sexual relationship of men and women, minor chuchmen and wealth, and monks and books. Books are seen as the equivalent of adulterous or avaricious temptations, drawing monks in particular from their proper duties and attentions.

This is particularly important because in this section of the book young Adso has his seduction of a nameless kitchen maid, which is his first sexual encounter....

In The Name of the Rose, Umberto Eco creates parallels between the sexual relationship of men and women, minor chuchmen and wealth, and monks and books. Books are seen as the equivalent of adulterous or avaricious temptations, drawing monks in particular from their proper duties and attentions.

This is particularly important because in this section of the book young Adso has his seduction of a nameless kitchen maid, which is his first sexual encounter. As both a young man and an older man looking back, the girl represents sin and error, but also God-given pleasure and delight. Because of the parallel created at the beginning of the "day," the reader can see Adso's sexual encounter as a dramatization of the temptations being played out over the search for the manuscript, and the desire for books and manuscripts throughout the entire novel.

This parallel is critical, and part of a much larger discussion throughout The Name of the Rose of books as carriers of both blessings and sins, heresies and sacred knowledge, mystery and revelation. Adso's complicated feelings about a single sexual encounter with a woman whose name he never even knows serves as a simple model of the more abstract passions played out over the course of the novel in relationship to the missing Aristotle manuscript and the nature of sin and heresy.

Did the US intervene in any events leading up to their involvement in WW2? (For example, in 1933 when Germany rearms, in 1935 when Italy attack...

The United States had very little involvement in dealing with the events leading to the start of World War II. The United States was dealing with the Great Depression. This depression was the worst economic crisis we had faced in our history. Dealing with the Great Depression was the main focus of our leaders and the American people.

The United States wanted to stay out of world affairs in the 1930s. People were upset about...

The United States had very little involvement in dealing with the events leading to the start of World War II. The United States was dealing with the Great Depression. This depression was the worst economic crisis we had faced in our history. Dealing with the Great Depression was the main focus of our leaders and the American people.

The United States wanted to stay out of world affairs in the 1930s. People were upset about the findings of the Nye Committee that suggested that we entered World War I to help our businesses financially. People were concerned that only Finland repaid its debts to us from World War I. Congress passed several neutrality laws in the 1930s that prevented us from selling weapons to countries at war. One of these laws required a "cash and carry" policy if we sold non-military supplies to countries at war. These countries would have to pay cash for the supplies they bought and transport them on their own ships.

President Roosevelt was concerned about these aggressive actions and the formation of the Axis Power Alliance. When Japan invaded China in 1937, President Roosevelt gave a speech that warned the country about a growing danger if nothing was done about these aggressive actions. He believed these aggressor nations needed to be isolated. However, most Americans remained unconcerned about these events.

Thus, when Germany moved its military into the Rhineland and invaded Austria, nothing was done about these events. When Italy invaded Ethiopia, there was no action against Italy. When Japan invaded China, President Roosevelt gave a speech. There were no real actions taken by the United States to deal with these aggressive actions in Europe and Asia prior to the start of World War II.

In The Giver by Lois Lowry, does Jonas feel bad about lying for the first time (when he lies to his parents)? Also, does he experience anything...

Jonas does not feel bad about lying to his parents, because he realizes that they cannot understand the concept of love.

Jonas is horrified when he receives his instructions and one of the rules says that he can lie.  Lying is expressly forbidden in his community, as far as he knows.

He had been trained since earliest childhood, since his earliest learning of language, never to lie. It was an integral part of the learning...

Jonas does not feel bad about lying to his parents, because he realizes that they cannot understand the concept of love.

Jonas is horrified when he receives his instructions and one of the rules says that he can lie.  Lying is expressly forbidden in his community, as far as he knows.

He had been trained since earliest childhood, since his earliest learning of language, never to lie. It was an integral part of the learning of precise speech. (Ch. 9)

Jonas wonders if anyone else had the same rule, and people have been lying to him all along.  He ponders the fact that if he were to ask someone if he or she was lying, he wouldn’t know if the person was telling the truth.  He can't imagine a situation where he would be the one lying. 

Jonas lies for the first time when he asks his parents whether they love him or not.  Love is not a construct that exists in the community, but Jonas learns about it through the memories.  It seems wonderful to him, and he misses the closeness that he experiences in the memories.  When he asks his parents if they love him, he does not get the result  he expected.  His father is amused, and chides him about precision of language.

"Your father means that you used a very generalized word, so meaningless that it's become almost obsolete," his mother explained carefully. (Ch. 16)

Jonas’s parents ask him if he understands, and he tells them that he does.  He has never lied to his parents before, but he doesn't feel bad about it.  He lied because they have no understanding of love, so they could never know how he feels.    Understanding that his parents do not love him, he tells Gabe that the world could be different.  Love is possible, in a community that allows it.

Jonas’s realization that love is a better way of life is an important one.  In lying to his parents, he separated himself from them.  This is the point where Jonas ceased to be a member of his community.  For him, the community is broken.  Its way of life is a tragedy.  Jonas seeks a connection with others.  This is why he told Gabe about the concept of love.

Identify a quote from A Streetcar Named Desire that shows Stanley's resentment of Blanche.

In A Streetcar Named Desire, Stanley's resentment of Blanche is a significant part of his character.

Blanche views Stanley in a negative light.  She says to Stella that he is "not the type to go for jasmine perfume," and communicates that Stanley is of a lower or almost "bestial" element.  Blanche feels that Stanley is not worthy of being associated with the Du Bois name.

Over the course of the drama, Stanley understands what Blanche...

In A Streetcar Named Desire, Stanley's resentment of Blanche is a significant part of his character.

Blanche views Stanley in a negative light.  She says to Stella that he is "not the type to go for jasmine perfume," and communicates that Stanley is of a lower or almost "bestial" element.  Blanche feels that Stanley is not worthy of being associated with the Du Bois name.

Over the course of the drama, Stanley understands what Blanche is trying to do.  In response to her constant criticism of his ethnicity by calling him a "Polack," he speaks with scorn to Blanche:  "I am not a Polack. People from Poland are Poles, not Polacks. But what I am is a one hundred percent American, born and raised in the greatest country on earth and proud as hell of it, so don’t ever call me a Polack." Stanley does not like the way that Blanche refers to him and the inferiority with which she views him.  He realizes that Blanche is using his ethnic background as a way to discredit and insult him. This resentment is echoed when Stanley argues that he is an "American."  When he rebukes her, Stanley's resentment towards Blanche is clearly displayed.