In Animal Farm, what are the similarities and differences between Snowball and Napoleon's beliefs?

In the opening chapters of Animal Farm, Snowball and Napoleon share the common belief in overthrowing Mr Jones and taking control of Manor Farm for the good of the animals. Together, for example, the pigs develop a social system called Animalism which emphasises the equality and freedom of animals and frees them from the exploitation of Man. 

But it is Snowball and Napoleon's differences which are most prominent throughout the rest of the novel....

In the opening chapters of Animal Farm, Snowball and Napoleon share the common belief in overthrowing Mr Jones and taking control of Manor Farm for the good of the animals. Together, for example, the pigs develop a social system called Animalism which emphasises the equality and freedom of animals and frees them from the exploitation of Man. 

But it is Snowball and Napoleon's differences which are most prominent throughout the rest of the novel. We see lots of examples of this after the revolution takes place and the humans are driven off Manor Farm. On the subject of clothes, for example, Snowball throws some ribbons on to the fire because he believes that they are the "mark of a human being." He states that animals should never wear clothes and should always be naked. This contrasts sharply with Napoleon, who wears human clothes later in the novel. For Napoleon, then, clothes are a symbol of his power and dominance and he is proud to wear them. 

Similarly, after the revolution, Snowball believes that the animals should continue to work hard on the farm to ensure its smooth running. For him, it is a "point of honour" to work harder and more efficiently than the humans. In contrast, Napoleon does not value work in the same way and he uses this opportunity to steal the milk.

Snowball also believes in forming committees to improve the lives of the animals. While many of these efforts are failures, his reading and writing initiative is a "great success." But Napoleon believes that the "education of the young" is far more important. He does not participate in any of these committees and he instead takes Jessie and Bluebell's puppies on the (false) pretence that he is educating them privately. In reality, Napoleon is training the puppies to become his own personal guard dogs and does not value education at all. 

Finally, we see the differences in Napoleon and Snowball's beliefs at their strongest when it comes to the building of the windmill in Chapter Five. Snowball believes in the value of the windmill because of its labour-saving potential. He also believes that it can greatly enhance the comfort of the animals by giving them heating and lighting in the barn. Napoleon, however, feels very differently about the windmill. For him, the windmill is a waste of time which detracts from the animals' most important mission: boosting food production to prevent starvation. But when Napoleon loses the windmill debate, he reacts with unprecedented cruelty by setting his dogs on Snowball. What this incident really shows is that Snowball and Napoleon differ on the most fundamental level: Snowball is concerned with the welfare and equality of all animals, while Napoleon is only interested in the pursuit of personal power.

Put these words in order to show how oxygen gets into your blood: mouth, trachea, alveoli, bronchi.

The trachea is a tube which passes between the mouth and the lungs (this is also sometimes referred to as the windpipe). This is a separate tube entirely from the esophagus. The function of the trachea is to allow the passage of air while the esophagus allows the passage of food and drink from the mouth to the stomach. 

When the trachea reaches the lungs, the passageway branches into several smaller tubes which also allow...

The trachea is a tube which passes between the mouth and the lungs (this is also sometimes referred to as the windpipe). This is a separate tube entirely from the esophagus. The function of the trachea is to allow the passage of air while the esophagus allows the passage of food and drink from the mouth to the stomach. 

When the trachea reaches the lungs, the passageway branches into several smaller tubes which also allow the passage of air. These smaller tubes are called the bronchi. (Note that the word bronchi is plural, bronchus is singular).

Alveoli are small sacs within the lungs where gas exchange between the air and the blood actually occurs. Alveoli are attached to the bronchi.

Thus, air passes from the mouth, to the trachea, to the bronchi,, and finally to the alveoli. 

What is the reciprocal of -5x?

You need to obtain the reciprocal of the number `(-5x),` hence, you need to flip the number over, or to divide 1 by the number `(-5x), ` such that:

`1/(-5x)`

Using the properties of multiplication of fractions, yields:

`1/(-5x) = (1/(-5))*(1/x) = -0.2*(1/x) = -0.2/x`

Hence, the reciprocal of the given number `(-5x) ` is -`0.2/x.`

You need to obtain the reciprocal of the number `(-5x),` hence, you need to flip the number over, or to divide 1 by the number `(-5x), ` such that:

`1/(-5x)`

Using the properties of multiplication of fractions, yields:

`1/(-5x) = (1/(-5))*(1/x) = -0.2*(1/x) = -0.2/x`

Hence, the reciprocal of the given number `(-5x) ` is -`0.2/x.`

Describe how you can measure reaction rates.

The rate of a chemical reaction is expressed as the change in concentration of a substance during a given time interval. It can be either the rate of disappearance of a reactant or the rate of appearance of a product: rate =  `Delta` [C]/`Delta` t

There are several methods of measuring a rate, depending on the type of reaction. 

If a gas is produced, the rate can be measured by measuring the amount of gas...

The rate of a chemical reaction is expressed as the change in concentration of a substance during a given time interval. It can be either the rate of disappearance of a reactant or the rate of appearance of a product: rate =  `Delta` [C]/`Delta` t

There are several methods of measuring a rate, depending on the type of reaction. 

If a gas is produced, the rate can be measured by measuring the amount of gas that forms in specific time intervals. This can be accomplished by collecting the gas in a syringe with a moveable piston. 

If a sufficient mass of gas is evolved the change in mass of the reactants can be monitored.

If the reaction is sufficiently exothermic or endothermic the rate can be measured by measuring the change in temperature in specific time intervals.

If the reaction involves a color change the rate of change in color can be measured using a spectrophotometer or colorimeter.

If the reaction produces a precipitate, the rate of precipitate formation can be determined by timing the formation of enough solid to obscure an mark on the bottom of the flask and weighing the precipitate.

37.0 gallons of water flow past a given point in Cicero Creek every second. How many milliliters flow past that point each minute?

You need to convert from gallons/second to milliliters/hour. You can do this using a series of conversion factors to go from gallons to milliliters and from seconds to hours. A conversion factor gives the relationship between two units. Start with the given quantity, and multiply it by conversion factors so that the units you've started with cancel out and you're left with the units you want. This method is called dimensional analysis.

You'll need conversion...

You need to convert from gallons/second to milliliters/hour. You can do this using a series of conversion factors to go from gallons to milliliters and from seconds to hours. A conversion factor gives the relationship between two units. Start with the given quantity, and multiply it by conversion factors so that the units you've started with cancel out and you're left with the units you want. This method is called dimensional analysis.

You'll need conversion factors that tell you how many milliliters are in a gallon and how many seconds are in an hour. You can use conversion factors that give intermediate steps, for example I know that There are 3.8 liters in a gallon and 1000 milliliters in a liter, so I'll use two conversion factors to convert from gallons to milliliters. Likewise, I'll use two factors to convert from seconds to hours:

37 gallons/second x (3.8 liters/gallon) x (1000 ml/liter) x

(60 seconds/1 minute) x (60 minutes/1 hour)

= (37)(3.8)(1000)(60)(60) milliliters/hour = 5.06 x 10^8 ml/hour 

Gallons, liters, seconds and minutes all canceled out to leave ml/hour. 

Every conversion factor has a reciprocal that used for the opposite operation. If I was converting from liters to gallons I'd use (1 gallon/3.8 liters) so that liters would cancel out and I'd end up with gallons. 

Why does Mrs. Crater think she does not need to fear Mr. Shiftlet in The Life You Save May Be Your Own?

In the story, Mrs. Crater thinks that she does not need to be afraid of Mr. Shiftlet because he looks like a defenseless tramp.

When Mr. Shiftlet approaches, Mrs. Crater is sitting on the porch with her daughter, Lucynell. Both mother and daughter share the same name. Mr. Shiftlet's harmless demeanor leads Mrs. Crater to think that she has nothing to fear from this stranger. After all, one sleeve is folded up to reveal that...

In the story, Mrs. Crater thinks that she does not need to be afraid of Mr. Shiftlet because he looks like a defenseless tramp.

When Mr. Shiftlet approaches, Mrs. Crater is sitting on the porch with her daughter, Lucynell. Both mother and daughter share the same name. Mr. Shiftlet's harmless demeanor leads Mrs. Crater to think that she has nothing to fear from this stranger. After all, one sleeve is folded up to reveal that he only has half an arm on his left shoulder. When he walks, it looks as if the wind is pushing him along.

Later, Mr. Shiftlet tells Mrs. Carter that he is twenty-eight years old and that he is a carpenter who has lived a 'varied life.'

He had been a gospel singer, a foreman on the railroad, an assistant in an undertaking parlor, and he had come over the radio for three months with Uncle Roy and his Red Creek Wranglers. He said he had fought and bled in the Arm Service of his country and visited every foreign land and that everywhere he had seen people that didn't care if they did a thing one way or another. He said he hadn't been raised thataway.

Painting himself as a man of dignity, integrity, and 'moral intelligence,' Mr. Shiftlet manages to lull Mrs. Crater into careless security; she thinks that she will get a handyman for her property and a prospective husband for her daughter, but Mr. Shiftlet has other plans. As the story progresses, we realize that Mr. Shiftlet is after Mrs. Crater's prized automobile. Slyly, he manages to restrain his feelings long enough to marry the younger Lucynell and to take her on a supposed honeymoon. However, after a short drive, he ditches his new bride at a local diner before driving off to Mobile alone.

What are the working conditions in Cutler's Tavern in chapter 3?

The actual conditions of Cutler's tavern are not terrible.  The place is an efficiently run, crowded, and busy place of business.  If it was a terribly filthy, disgusting place, Mrs. Cutler wouldn't have so much business.  But simply because the working conditions are far from dirty and abysmal doesn't mean that the working conditions are easy.  The tavern is presentable to guests, because Mrs. Cutler works her employees into the ground.  As I said, the...

The actual conditions of Cutler's tavern are not terrible.  The place is an efficiently run, crowded, and busy place of business.  If it was a terribly filthy, disgusting place, Mrs. Cutler wouldn't have so much business.  But simply because the working conditions are far from dirty and abysmal doesn't mean that the working conditions are easy.  The tavern is presentable to guests, because Mrs. Cutler works her employees into the ground.  As I said, the place is busy.  When Lyddie first arrives, Mrs. Cutler and Triphena barely have any time for Lyddie.  Triphena even makes her sit in a corner so as to not be in the way.  

But the cook was too busy moving the food from the fire to the long wooden table in the center of the room to pay her [Lyddie] any mind.

Mrs. Cutler is a hard task master, but she is not completely heartless.  She does give Lyddie a newer, cleaner dress in order to look more presentable to guests; however, Lyddie is amazed at how hard Mrs. Cutler makes her employees work.  

The mistress was large in body and seemed to be everywhere on watch.  How could a woman so obviously rich in the world's goods be so mean in the use of them? Her eyes were narrow and close and always on the sharp for the least bit of spilt flour or the odd crumb on the lip. . . Mistress Cutler watched Lyddie like a barn cat on a sparrow. . .

Unfortunately for Lyddie, the dress is about the only kind thing that Mrs. Cutler is able to do for Lyddie.  Mrs. Cutler even makes Lyddie sleep in the hall, and forces her to go to bed after all of the guests and rise before them so "that no paying guest in the windowed rooms . . . should know that they shared the floor with the kitchen girl."  Mrs. Cutler does indeed work Lyddie extremely hard, which is a reason why Lyddie will eventually make her way to the textile mills.