Monday, July 3, 2017

What part of "The Necklace" shows Madame Loisel's jealousy and greed?

Madame Loisel is the main character of Guy de Maupassant's short story "The Necklace" about a woman who longs to be wealthy. While it's easy to see that she is quite envious of the rich, it's hard to assign the terms, "jealous" or "greedy" when discussing her.


At the beginning of the story Madame Loisel spends much of her time daydreaming about what it would be like to live the life of wealth and luxury....

Madame Loisel is the main character of Guy de Maupassant's short story "The Necklace" about a woman who longs to be wealthy. While it's easy to see that she is quite envious of the rich, it's hard to assign the terms, "jealous" or "greedy" when discussing her.


At the beginning of the story Madame Loisel spends much of her time daydreaming about what it would be like to live the life of wealth and luxury. She yearns to break away from her middle class existence and the "shabby" rooms she lives in. She thinks the material trappings of the rich such as "oriental tapestries," "gleaming silverware" and shiny jewels will make her life more exciting. The reader is not led to believe she is jealous of anything or anyone. Rather, she just wants to be a part of a world her class status won't allow her to enter. She's not jealous of Madame Forestier, even though that woman has everything she is searching for. 


When Madame Loisel is actually granted an evening that matches her dreams, she makes the most of it. She is the prettiest and most sought after woman at the fancy ball her husband takes her to. The necklace she wears is a symbol of that opulence. It's not really accurate to describe her as greedy for wearing it. It's just a symbol of the life she wished she could live full time.


In the last part of the story, Madame Loisel shows traits which are quite the opposite of "jealousy" and "greed." She rises to the occasion and helps her husband pay off the debt for replacing the necklace. The reader may reach one of two conclusions about her. Some may be dumbfounded and have sympathy for her when she discovers the necklace was fake. Others, however, may feel she deserved to have her life destroyed because of her envious dreams. 

What quotes show how Willy Loman from Death of a Salesman didn't support his son Biff with the career and life he wanted on a ranch?

One of the quotes that show Willy's disappointment at Biff's choice of moving West to work at a ranch come in Act 1, after Happy and Biff discover, through Linda, that Willy has been acting irrationally, and that he is suicidal.  Willy joins the argument with an ironic statement about Biff going to the West that is meant to show rejection instead of acceptance.


As a dysfunctional family, rather than facing the problem head on,...

One of the quotes that show Willy's disappointment at Biff's choice of moving West to work at a ranch come in Act 1, after Happy and Biff discover, through Linda, that Willy has been acting irrationally, and that he is suicidal.  Willy joins the argument with an ironic statement about Biff going to the West that is meant to show rejection instead of acceptance.


As a dysfunctional family, rather than facing the problem head on, Linda and her sons talk about the topic by placing blame on one another. Happy makes an account of every single time Biff had failed at a job due to asinine reasons, such as whistling in an elevator, or taking off work just to go swimming. 


Biff's response is defensive, arguing back and forth with Happy. Biff also says that Willy is a fake and that he does not belong in the business world; that people think that he is crazy, anyways. In comes Willy, who also argues with Biff:



WILLY: I never in my life whistled in an elevator! And who in the business world thinks I’m crazy?




BIFF: I didn’t mean it like that, Pop. Now don’t make a whole thing out of it, will ya?

WILLY: Go back to the West! Be a carpenter, a cowboy, enjoy yourself!








Another quote comes later, when Happy and Biff are planning to see Bill Oliver in hopes that he would lend Biff money to start a business. Willy is excited to hear the news and prepares Biff to speak to Oliver about his previous work experience. He also gives him advice on how to act during the interview. Here, Willy says,






WILLY (unable to resist): ...if anything falls off the desk while you’re talking to [Oliver] — like a package or something — don’t you pick it up. They have office boys for that.


LINDA: I’ll make a big breakfast...


WILLY: Will you let me finish? (To Biff.) Tell him you were in the business in the West. Not farm work.


BIFF: All right, Dad.









These are two examples that show that Willy was not at all supportive of Biff's farm work. Even though love of nature is one common trait that all Loman's share, Willy prefers to suppress it, and make his children do the same, in order to chase after dreams of making money. 







What does Atticus's explanation reveal in chapter 27 of To Kill A Mockingbird?

This passage reveals some significant facts about the characters in the novel, about the reality of the justice process in the time and place setting of the novel, and about Atticus’s character.

In Chapter 27, we see Aunt Alexandra and Atticus discussing the outcome of the case, and Alexandra’s fears concerning Bob Ewell’s grudge against Atticus and “everybody connected with that case.” Atticus observes:



“I think I understand,” said Atticus. “It might be because he knows in his heart that very few people in Maycomb really believed his and Mayella’s yarns. He thought he’d be a hero, but all he got for his pain was…was, okay, we’ll convict this Negro but get back to your dump…I proved him a liar but [Judge John Taylor] made him look like a fool.” [TKAM Chapter 27]



In Maycomb, the Ewells are much like the nut grass in Miss Maudie’s lawn, one blade of which will “ruin a whole yard” [Chapter 5].  Maycomb society is depicted as operating along strict lines of segregation that don’t always follow lines of race. Bob Ewell, who belongs to the very lowest rung of Maycomb society, is shown through his own and Mayella’s testimony in the trial to be an abusive alcoholic who does not care for his children and refuses to work to better the family’s situation. His daughter Mayella, the object of much of his abuse, is powerless to improve her circumstances. The one thing the Ewells believe they possess that makes them superior is their race: in their opinion, their whiteness at least makes them “better” than the blacks of Maycomb. The trial, in which Ewell hoped to be seen as a hero, only shows him to be an abuser, far from improving his circumstances, only ostracizes him further.


In his explanation, Atticus reveals his understanding of exactly how the system of justice works in the setting of the novel: Tom Robinson, as Scout observes in Chapter 25, “…was a dead man the minute Mayella Ewell opened her mouth and screamed.” Tom was never going to be—could never be, in that time and place—acquitted of the charges of rape against Mayella Ewell. The very best Atticus could hope for was the slender chance of a different outcome upon appeal, and to show Bob and Mayella Ewell to be liars. Atticus also understands that everybody involved in the process during the trial—Judge Taylor, Atticus himself, the Ewells, the Sheriff—knew this before the trial started. The verdict, unfortunately, was a foregone conclusion, and the trial a formality.


This passage also emphasizes who Atticus Finch is. Earlier in the novel while speaking of Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose, Atticus says, “real courage…is when you know you’re licked before you begin but you begin anyway, and you see it through no matter what. You rarely win, but sometimes you do.” [Chapter 11] This courage is something that Atticus himself possesses: it is why he accepted the task of defending Tom Robinson, even though he knew how the trial would end. Although Atticus might not describe himself in this way, he is the lone courageous voice in Maycomb, willing to fight a losing battle simply because it is the right thing to do.

Sunday, July 2, 2017

What is an example of Jack using savagery in Lord of the Flies?

There are numerous points in the book where Jack behaves with what one could term savagery, and these savage behaviors become more intense as the novel progresses. One of his first savage acts is when he plows into Piggy's stomach and breaks his glasses. Although he is actually mad at himself, to some extent, for letting the signal fire go out just as the ship was passing the island, and he is mad at Ralph...

There are numerous points in the book where Jack behaves with what one could term savagery, and these savage behaviors become more intense as the novel progresses. One of his first savage acts is when he plows into Piggy's stomach and breaks his glasses. Although he is actually mad at himself, to some extent, for letting the signal fire go out just as the ship was passing the island, and he is mad at Ralph for being in the right and for having reprimanded him, he takes out his anger on Piggy--someone who is less respected by the group and weaker. By violently targeting a weaker person, he is behaving with savagery.


Later, when he has separated from Ralph's group and needs fire for his own tribe, he raids Ralph's camp during the night, and he and his boys beat up Ralph's group and steal Piggy's glasses. This was unnecessary because Ralph would have shared fire with Jack's group, but Jack chooses violence as his way to get what he wants.


During Jack's frenzied feast, Jack and all the other boys murder Simon in a savage mob attack.


When Jack sets up his camp on Castle Rock, he has the boys keep Wilfred tied up all day, and then he beats him, which is another act of savagery--this time against his own followers.


Finally, after Piggy's death, Jack plans to hunt Ralph and kill him. He sets fire to the island to smoke Ralph out of his hiding place. He is ready to commit bold premeditated murder--his greatest act of savagery.

Discuss the political organization of the empire created by Charlemagne. How did he rule?

Charlemagne, also called Charles the Great, was King of the Franks and unified much of modern Europe under one Carolingian Empire. Though Charlemagne ruled from 768 after his father's death, he was not coronated as Holy Roman Emperor until Christmas Day in the year 800. The crowning of Charlemagne by Pope Leo III, and the establishment of a Holy Roman Empire, formed a union between the "two swords" of European power. This metaphor represents the...

Charlemagne, also called Charles the Great, was King of the Franks and unified much of modern Europe under one Carolingian Empire. Though Charlemagne ruled from 768 after his father's death, he was not coronated as Holy Roman Emperor until Christmas Day in the year 800. The crowning of Charlemagne by Pope Leo III, and the establishment of a Holy Roman Empire, formed a union between the "two swords" of European power. This metaphor represents the Holy Roman Catholic Church, who wielded religious power, and the King or Emperor, who wields secular power. Both served to legitimate and support each other.


Charlemagne is known for instigating a number of social, religious, and governmental reforms. The Carolingian Empire was organized around him and his supreme (secular) rule and included these reforms. Though Charlemagne was the utmost authority on all matters in his territories, he employed a number of administrators who were dispatched the various territories and reported on the status there once a year. The various counties were watched over by a Count (or Comes), who was responsible for local law and order and the maintenance of toll roads. The Missi Dominici made rounds in their appointed territories to keep the various localities up to date with changes in secular law and any new religious capitularies- sort of statements of intent to reform.


Further down the line were Vassi Dominici, vassals to the King who held benefices of land, which was worked by peasants. The Vassi Dominici oversaw the general maintenance of their lands and also offered military service to the king.


In general, Charlemagne was the supreme ruler of the Carolingian Empire, and he had the utmost authority on all matters. But because so much land and so many people made up the Empire, he employed a variety of administrative economic, governmental, judicial, and religious assistants to perform more day-to-day tasks on his behalf. His progeny went on to rule the Empire for many generations, and his administrative system laid the foundation for several modern European nations.

Saturday, July 1, 2017

What film techniques does Tate Taylor use to portray the real spirit of The Help?

Tate Taylor uses camera work to establish the spirit of the book. For example, when neighbors drop off toilets in front of Hilly's house (as Skeeter plays a trick on Hilly with the newsletter that she is editing and asks neighborhood women to bring toilets to Hilly's house), a long shot takes in all the toilets on Hilly's otherwise perfect and well-manicured lawn. This long shot establishes how ridiculous Hilly must appear to her neighbors and how humiliated she must feel that her perfect lawn is dotted with toilets.

Taylor also uses close-up shots to show the faces of characters such as Minny, an African American maid who detests Hilly and delivers her a feces-filled pie. When the viewer is able to see Minny up close, he or she understands the venom Minny feels towards the hateful Hilly. Another close-up shot captures Skeeter speaking to the New York editor about her book. The camera zooms from a mid shot to a close-up to show how ardently Skeeter feels about the book she is writing. 


In addition, Taylor uses the technique of mise en scène, or the way characters are arranged in a scene. For example, there is a shot of Skeeter, dressed in blue, on the left of the frame, reaching her hands across to Aibileen, an African American maid, on the right of the frame. Minny, another maid, stands between them. This arrangement conveys the alliance between Skeeter, Minny, and Aibileen across the divide of race.

What was Andrew Jackson's position on Indian Removal?

President Andrew Jackson was a strong supporter of Indian Removal.  He was not necessarily anti-Indian, at least not in the sense of wanting to kill them all.  Instead, he felt that he was supporting a policy that was best for the Indians as well as for the white people.  However, this opinion sprang from attitudes that we would see as racist.


President Jackson did not believe that the Indians were the equals of white people. ...

President Andrew Jackson was a strong supporter of Indian Removal.  He was not necessarily anti-Indian, at least not in the sense of wanting to kill them all.  Instead, he felt that he was supporting a policy that was best for the Indians as well as for the white people.  However, this opinion sprang from attitudes that we would see as racist.


President Jackson did not believe that the Indians were the equals of white people.  He felt that they could not truly be civilized and he believed that they could not be assimilated into American society.  Therefore, he wanted them removed.  He argued that it would be better for them to live West of the Mississippi where, he thought, Americans would never live.  He believed that the Indians could live in peace in the West whereas they would come into conflict with, and be destroyed by, whites if they stayed in the Southeast.


Because of these beliefs, Jackson supported Indian Removal. He famously opposed a Supreme Court decision that prohibited Indian Removal.  The decision was handed down, but the state of Georgia refused to obey it and Jackson did not do anything to enforce the decision.


Jackson is seen as the president “of the common man.” His attitude towards Indian Removal reflected this.  He wanted what was best for common white people (more land) and he was happy to evict the Indians from their native lands in order to get it.

What is the Exposition, Rising Action, Climax, and Falling Action of "One Thousand Dollars"?

Exposition A "decidedly amused" Bobby Gillian leaves the offices of Tolman & Sharp where he is given an envelope containing $1...