In order to determine how many grams of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) one must add to 1 Liter of water to make a 12.0 M solution, one must first know the molar mass of NaOH, and how to determine molarity.
In this case, the molar mass of NaOH is 39.997 grams/mole. The formula for molarity is:
Molarity (M)=moles solute/Liters solution
Since the final molarity of our solution is to be made in 1 Liter of water,...
In order to determine how many grams of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) one must add to 1 Liter of water to make a 12.0 M solution, one must first know the molar mass of NaOH, and how to determine molarity.
In this case, the molar mass of NaOH is 39.997 grams/mole. The formula for molarity is:
Molarity (M)=moles solute/Liters solution
Since the final molarity of our solution is to be made in 1 Liter of water, one must calculate how many grams of the solute, in this case NaOH, to add to 1 Liter of water, in this case the solution, to create a 12.0 M solution.
In order to make a 12 M solution, one must first realize that a 1 M solution, where 1 mole of solute is placed in 1 Liter of solution, of NaOH would be made by adding 39.997 grams to 1 Liter of water. This is because the molar mass of NaOH is 39.997 grams/mole. Knowing this, it can be determined that in order to make a 12 M solution in 1 Liter of water, you simply multiply the molar mass by 12 and add that mass to 1 Liter of water to make a 12 M solution.
It is important to note that in this example, one is really multiplying by 12 moles/1 Liter of water because that is the volume the final solution calls for. If for example, the question asked for a 12 M solution in 0.5 liter of water, one would multiply the molar mass by 12 moles/0.5 liters.
Based on this information, one can calculate that they would need to add 479.964 grams of NaOH to 1 liter of water to make a 12 M solution. Hope this helps!
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