Water quality can be improved by a number of processes. Some of these processes take place naturally, while the other are engineered by human beings. These processes include:
- Aeration: of water supplies ensure appropriate amount of dissolved oxygen in water. In natural water bodies, atmospheric aeration takes place naturally and ensures that all the organic impurities get decomposed, foul gases gets removed and dissolved oxygen levels are maintained. In water treatment process, we use mechanical means to supply air to water.
- Disinfection: is the process of removal of infectious agents, such as pathogens. Normally, we add disinfectants such as chlorine or ozone to disinfect the water, in a water treatment plant.
- Sedimentation: is the process by which heavy impurities settle down, when the water is stationary. This is the reason for the purity of lake and pond water. Sedimentation is also carried out in water treatment plants.
- Filtration: is used to remove small impurities by passing water through narrow sized filters. Such filters are commonly used in water treatment plants. Flow of water feom earth's surface to groundwater, through various layera of soil, can also be thought of as filtration.
Hope this helps.
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